喷淋降温对荷斯坦奶牛抗热应激的研究  

Study on the Effect of Spray Cooling on Heat-stress Resistance of Holstein Dairy Cow

作　　者：刘海林[1] 高帅[1] 段洪峰[1] 张佰忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省畜牧兽医研究所,湖南长沙410131

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2013年第1期44-46,59,共4页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑计划(2006BAD04A01);湖南省重大科技攻关专项(05NK2004)

摘　　要：试验按产奶量、泌乳时间、体重相近的原则选择20头荷斯坦奶牛,随机分成对照组和试验组,每组10头;试验组采用喷淋+风扇方式降温处理,对照组采用风扇通风的方式。结果表明,喷淋+风扇的降温措施可使每牛日产奶量和4%标准乳分别提高2.66kg/d(P<0.05)和2.81kg/d(P<0.01);直肠温度、呼吸频率和心率的平均值分别降低2.02℃、36.8次/min和3.8次/min(P<0.01),且随着环境温度的升高,各生理指标下降的幅度越大;此外,喷淋+风扇的降温措施使热应激期奶牛血液指标中血红蛋白、红细胞数和红细胞压积值分别降低了11.75g/L、0.72×1012/L和2.63%(P<0.01)。试验结果表明,喷淋+风扇降温系统能明显改善热应激对奶牛的影响,提高生产性能。Based on the principle of milk yield,lactation day and close body weight, 20 Holestein dairy cows were selected and randomly divided into control group and test group, 10 in each group;the test group was treated with spraying-q-fan cooling method. The results showed that the spraying＋fan method could increase dairy milk yield and 4% standardized milk by 2.66 kg/d（P〈0.05）and 2.81 kg/d（P〈0.01）re- spectively,the average of rectum temperature, respiratory rate and heart rate decreased 2. 02 ℃, 36. 8 times/min and 3.8 times/min（P〈0.01）respectively, and with the climb of the temperature, the physiologi- cal indexes declined remarbly;in addition,the physioloical indexes declined remarbly;in addition, the spra- ying＋fan method had decreased the hemoglobin,red blood cell count and PCV in blood indexes of dairy cows in heat-stress period byl 1.75 g/L, 0.72×10^12/L and 2.63 % （P〈0.01） respectively. The results indi- cated that the spraying＋fan cooling system can significantly improve the effect of heat stress in dairy cow, thus improving the productive performance.

关 键 词：喷淋降温 奶牛 热应激 

分 类 号：S811.6[农业科学—畜牧学]