生物柴油芳香烃类污染物的生成与分析  

Generation and Analysis of Aromatic Pollutants in Biological Diesel Oil

作　　者：魏长河[1,2] 邱峰 陈立建 许广举[2] 

机构地区：[1]金龙联合汽车工业(苏州)有限公司,江苏省苏州市215026 [2]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏省镇江市200240

出　　处：《农业装备与车辆工程》2013年第4期47-51,64,共6页Agricultural Equipment & Vehicle Engineering

摘　　要：芳香烃是碳烟生成的重要前躯体物质,采用活性炭吸附管、玻璃纤维滤纸、XAD-2吸附管等对芳香烃类污染物进行了采集,运用色谱技术进行分离测定,考察了柴油机燃烧生物柴油时,不同工况下的芳香烃类污染物排放规律。构筑了包含PAHs生成过程的生物柴油化学反应动力学机理,分析了激波管燃烧条件下,过量空气系数、温度和压力对芳香烃生成的影响。研究结果表明,柴油机燃烧生物柴油时,排气中单环芳香烃的平均质量浓度远高于多环芳香烃。随着负荷的增加,排气中的芳香烃均呈先降后升的趋势,气相PAHs的质量浓度均高于颗粒相PAHs,颗粒相PAHs的质量浓度随着负荷的增加呈下降趋势,生物柴油燃烧产生的多环芳香烃中,三环菲的质量浓度最高;激波管燃烧条件下,生物柴油燃烧产生的多环芳香烃各组分按照峰值浓度的大小依次为萘、菲、芘,随着过量空气系数的提高,反应中间产物h、oh自由基增加,PAHs易被氧化为芳烃基或小分子芳香烃。随着初始温度的提高,反应始点提前,芳香烃各组分的峰值浓度出现在燃烧温度急剧上升的时刻;随着初始压力的提高,萘、菲的峰值浓度下降,四环芘的峰值浓度随着初始压力的提高而上升。Aromatic hydrocarbon is important material before carbon smoke is generated. Aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants are collected by using activated carbon adsorption pipe, glass fiber filter paper and XAD-2 adsorption tube and are tested by chromatography separation, to inspect the aromatic hydrocarbon emission rules when diesel engine combustion biological diesel under different working conditions. In the paper, biological diesel oil chemical reaction kinetics mechanism including the PAHs generating process is built, the influence of the excess air coefficient, temperature and pressure on aromatic hydrocarbon generation under the shock tube combustion conditions is analyzed. The results show that exhaustion of mononuclear aromatics average mass concentration is much higher than polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon when the diesel engine combustion of biological diesel. With the increase of engine load, the aromatic hydrocarbon in the exhaustion all presents the trend of rise after the first drop, gas phase PAHs mass concentration is higher than the particle phase PAHs, particle phase PAHs mass concentration declines with the increase of engine load, the mass concentration of tricyelic fe is the highest among the polyeyclic aromatic hydrocarbon generated by burning biological diesel; under the shock tube combustion conditions, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon components generated by burning biological diesel according to the size of the peak concentration is naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene, along with the excess air coefficient increase, reaction intermediate products h and hydroxy free radical increase, PAHs ,are easily oxy-generated for aromatic base or small molecular aromatics. With the rise of the initial temperature, reaction initial point is advanced, the peak concentration of the various aromatic hydrocarbon components appears at the combustion temperature rising sharply moment; with the initial pressure rise, naphthalene and phenanthrene peak concentration decrease, the 4th pyrene peak concentration rises w

关 键 词：生物柴油 芳香烃 生成机理 

分 类 号：TQ517.4[化学工程]