土壤基质与土壤含水量对蝙蝠蛾幼虫生长发育的影响  

Effects of Soil Matrix and Soil Moistures on Growth of Hepialus Larvae

作　　者：张德利[1] 刘飞[1] 涂永勤[1] 贺宗毅[1] 鲁增辉[1] 陈仕江[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市中药研究院,重庆400065

出　　处：《农学学报》2013年第3期18-21,43,共5页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"人工繁育冬虫夏草寄主幼虫发育变异的影响因素研究"(30901964);"冬虫夏草寄主幼虫适应饲料的机理及其生态适合度评估"(81072997);"人工繁育冬虫夏草寄主昆虫拟青霉病的分子流行病学研究"(81173479)

摘　　要：研究土壤基质与土壤含水量对蝙蝠蛾幼虫生长发育的影响,为完善人工饲养蝙蝠蛾幼虫技术提供参考。分别用不同类型土壤和不同土壤含水量的基质饲养幼虫,定期测量幼虫头壳、体长、体重等发育指标并调查存活幼虫数。不同土壤基质下对蝙蝠蛾幼虫的生长发育的影响结果表明,饲养前期带腐殖土基质的处理幼虫发育及存活率均要好于纯沙,中期对生长发育及存活率的影响不显著,后期对生长发育的影响不显著,存活率存在显著性差异,以处理5纯沙饲养的幼虫存活率最高为21.67%;不同含水量土壤基质对蝙蝠蛾幼虫的生长发育的影响不显著,对幼虫存活率的影响较大,以60%处理下幼虫后期存活率最高为22.8%,而以30%处理下最低为6.66%,幼虫饲养适宜的土壤含水量为40%～60%,最佳土壤含水量为60%。建议在饲养过程中可以考虑在前期及中期使用腐殖土和沙土混合作为幼虫的基质,后期使用纯沙的基质来饲养幼虫,控制土壤含水量在40%～60%之间。The aims were to improve artificial breeding Hepialus larvae technology and study the effects of soil matrix and soil moisture on growth of Hepialus larvae. The experiment used different soil matrix and different soil moisture feeding larvae respectively, and then survey regularly head shell, length, weight, survival rate of the larvae. The different soil matrix had a little influence on growth of larvae. The larvae＇ s growth and survival rate in the oil matrix contain humus was better than in the pure sand in the earlier stage. The different soil matrix had no significant influence to the larvae＇ s growth and survival rate in the middle period. It had no significant influence to the larvae＇ s growth, but it had significant influence to the survival rate in the later period, and the survival rate was the highest （21.67%） in the pure sand. The soil moisture content had no significant influence to the larvae＇s growth, but it was significant to the larvae＇s survival rate. The survival rate was the highest （22.8%） when soil moisture content was 60%. The survival rate was the lowest （6.66%） when soil moisture content was 30%. The optimal soil moisture content was 40%-60%. It was recommended that feeding Hepialus larvae could be considered humus soil and sand mixture to raise Hepialus larvae in the prophase and interim, and used sand matrix to raise Hepialus larvae in the later period, and controlled soil moisture content between 40% and 60%.

关 键 词：土壤基质 土壤含水量 蝙蝠蛾幼虫 生长发育 

分 类 号：R282.3[医药卫生—中药学]