水淹-干旱交替胁迫对湿地松幼苗盆栽土壤营养元素含量的影响  

Effects of Submergence and Drought Alternation on Nutrient Contents in the Soil Growing Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii) Seedlings

作　　者：杨予静[1] 李昌晓[1] 张晔[2] 崔云风 

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]西南大学生命科学学院三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室重,庆400715 [3]重庆市忠县石宝镇农业服务中心,重庆404332

出　　处：《林业科学》2013年第2期61-71,共11页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201004039);留学回国人员科研启动基金(教外司留[2010-1561]);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(XDJK2013A001);重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTC-2010BB7003);联合国开发计划署全球环境基金小额赠款项目(CPR/SGP/OP5/CORE/LD/11/04)

摘　　要：模拟三峡库区消落带水位变化,对1年生湿地松幼苗土壤的营养元素含量进行研究。试验设对照(CK)、连续性水淹(CF)和周期性水淹-干旱(PF)3种不同水分处理,每种水分处理均设置湿地松幼苗土壤与无植物对照土壤。测试的土壤指标包括有机质(OM)、碱解氮(AN)、有效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)含量以及pH值。结果表明:与无植物对照土壤相比,湿地松幼苗实生土壤在PF组的土壤营养元素含量均有显著增加(pH与AK除外);湿地松实生土壤在CK组的AK含量显著低于无植物空白对照组。除pH外,水分对湿地松土壤营养元素含量均有显著影响,湿地松土壤PF组的OM,AN,AP,TK含量显著高于CF与CK组;无植物组的土壤磷、钾含量均不受水分含量的显著影响。相关性分析可知:OM与AN,TN,TP呈极显著正相关,全量N,P,K含量之间为显著或极显著正相关。湿地松在正常的生长条件下需要较多钾元素,并能有效改变不同水分条件下土壤养分含量的变化;水淹条件能促进湿地松土壤P,K的释放,并提高AP含量;这与水淹-干旱交替性变化加速湿地松土壤有机质的积累形成鲜明对照。若将湿地松幼苗种植于三峡水库库岸带,有可能由于土壤N,P营养元素含量的增加而促进水体富营养化问题的产生。In this research three water treatment groups, including control （CK）, continuous flooding （CF）, and periodic flooding-drought （PF）, were applied to simulate water change in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Each group contained two plots, one planted with one-year-old slash pine （Pinus elliottii） seedlings and the other without any vegetation. We measured the pH value, and contents of organic matter （OM）, alkali hydrolysable nitrogen （AN）, available phosphorus （AP）, available potassium （AK）, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP） and total potassium （TK） in the soil of the two plots under different water treatment. Results showed that in the condition of PF, P. elliottii soils had very significantly higher nutrient contents compared with blank soils, except for pH and AK, while soil AK contents in CK were lower than those of blank soils. Meanwhile, water treatment had significant effects on soil nutrient contents of P. elliottii seedlings except for pH, while no significant effects were found on phosphorus （P） and potassium （K） contents in the blank soil. In general, PF had the highest OM, AN, AP and TK content in the soil with P. elliottii seedlings among the three different water treatments. In addition, correlation analysis dispayed that the content of OM had a very significant positive correlation with the content of AN, TN, and TP, and there were significant or very significant positive correlations between soil total nutrient contents. The results indicated that a large amount of K was needed in the normal growth of P. elliottii, and the effects of water treatment on soil nutrient contents were effectively altered by P. elliottii seedlings. Flooding was able to promote release of soil P and K and increase the contents of AP. However, OM accumulation in the slash pine＇s soil was accelerated by alternate submergence and drought. If P. elliottii were planted in the riparian areas of the Three Gorges Reservoir, water eutrophicati

关 键 词：消落带 水淹-干旱交替 湿地松幼苗 土壤营养元素 三峡库区 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]