新丰江流域生态环境质量遥感评价  

Evaluation of Eco-environmental Quality in Xinfengjiang River Basin Based on Remote Sensing

作　　者：朱远辉[1] 刘凯[1] 艾彬[2] 周霞[3] 张虹鸥[3] 何执兼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院综合地理信息研究中心,广州510275 [2]中山大学海洋学院,广州510275 [3]广州地理研究所,广州510070

出　　处：《热带地理》2013年第2期133-140,共8页Tropical Geography

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2006A36801002;2007A032400002);国家自然科学基金(41001291);广东省地理空间信息技术与应用公共实验室开放基金(20100101)

摘　　要：利用新丰江流域1988、1998和2011年3个时期的遥感、土地利用、气象和DEM等数据,建立了新丰江流域生态环境质量评价体系。在数据标准化处理的基础上,利用ArcGIS的空间主成分分析方法,综合评价了新丰江流域生态环境质量的时空分布格局和动态变化情况。结果表明:新丰江流域生态环境质量总体保持较好,主要受到水热气象因子、地形地貌因子和土地覆盖因子的影响;1988―2011年生态环境质量等级"优"占据了80%以上的面积,质量等级"差"占据的面积均低于5%;新丰江流域生态环境质量具有明显的区域特征,质量较差的区域是以建设用地和耕地为主的平原地带,主要分布在新丰江流域的西部和东部地区,表明其主要受人为因素的干扰,生态环境质量随着时间推移有轻微下降的趋势。研究表明利用遥感与地理信息系统技术对区域环境质量进行评价具有很好的应用前景,可以迅速准确地判定区域生态环境质量变化趋势。It is significant to evaluate eco-environmental quality of the Xinfengjiang River Basin, which is one of the most important drinking water sources in Guangdong Province. In this paper, combined with Remote Sensing images, land use data, meteorological data and DEM data, evaluation indices were respectively made for quantifying eco-environmental quality of the basin in 1988, 1998 and 2011. According to principal component analysis, composite index was retrieved from the weighted variables,and the spatial-temporal variation pattern of eco-environmental quality was then analyzed. It was shown that most of the study area preserved high quality of eco-environment, which was mainly under the influence of factors such as hydro-thermal and meteorological conditions, geomorphic aspect and land cover types. During the period from 1988 to 2011, more than 80 percent of the study area performed as excellent eco-environment, only less than 5 percent of the study area showed poor quality in eco-environment, whose percentage in 1988, 1998 and 20l 1 was 0.93% , 0.67% and 2.93% respectively. It was also shown that plain areas in the south and north of the basin were of poor quality, most of which was covered with construction land and farmland and mainly interfered from anthropogenic activities. However, quality of eco-environment in the Xinfengjiang River Basin was slightly declined with time variation. It is considered that RS and GIS can provide available and scientific method for eco-environment evaluation, as compared with conventional method, and it would be widely applied in the future.

关 键 词：新丰江流域 生态环境质量 空间主成分分析 遥感 

分 类 号：X820.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]