不透水面遥感提取及应用研究进展  

Advances in Remote Sensing of Impervious Surfaces Extraction and Its Applications

作　　者：王浩[1] 卢善龙[1] 吴炳方[1] 李晓松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感应用研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2013年第3期327-336,共10页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目"干旱区陆表蒸散遥感估算的参数化方法研究"(编号:91025007);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目"重大工程生态环境效应遥感监测与评估"(编号:KZCX1-YW-08-03)资助

摘　　要：不透水面信息的提取方法与应用是近年来城市规划、热岛效应分析、水环境监测和水资源管理等诸多领域的研究热点。遥感技术的发展使不透水面快速准确提取成为可能。从影像特征(光谱、空间几何、时间)选择、分类器(参数、非参数)选择和空间尺度(像元、亚像元尺度)选择3个方面归纳和总结了各种不透水面遥感提取方法原理、应用现状和存在问题,回顾了不透水面在城市化监测、人口估计、水环境监测、热岛效应分析、水文气候建模分析等领域的应用,指出了不透水面遥感提取和应用的发展方向。The methods of impervious surface extraction and its applications is a focus in many fields, such as urban planning, heat island effect analysis, water environment monitoring and water resources management. The development of remote sensing technology provides new ideas to fast and accurate impervious surfaces extraction. The paper reviewed remote sensing methods of impervious surfaces extraction from aspects of image feature （spec-tral, spatial and geometric, temporal features）, classifier （supervised, unsupervised）, and spatial scale （pixel, sub-pixel）, and also reviewed applications of impervious surface information to urbanization monitoring, population estimation, water environment monitoring, heat island impact, and hydrometeorologic modeling. Image feature is the base of remote sensing, and classifier is the tool to operate image features while consideration of spatial scale can reduce the influence of mixed pixel. They three together provided a profound understanding in advantages and disadvantages of each remote sensing method. Classifier optimization, image multi-features integration, and physical characteristics differentiation among impervious surface materials would be the trend of impervious surface extraction based on remote sensing.

关 键 词：不透水面 遥感提取 特征选择 亚像元尺度 不透水面应用 

分 类 号：TP75[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]