南海诸岛的土壤及其生态系统特征  

Soils and the soil ecosystem in the South China Sea Islands

作　　者：龚子同[1] 张甘霖[1,2] 杨飞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2013年第2期183-188,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：科技部基础性工作专项(2008FY110600)

摘　　要：首先阐述中国在20世纪30年代、70年代和90年代研究南海诸岛土壤的历程，进而从土壤形成、土壤特性、鸟粪磷矿和土壤分布论述南海诸岛土壤的特点，指出此种土壤为富磷高钙的砂性土壤，其形成年龄为1000-2000a，认为在赤道热带气候和珊瑚、贝壳砂母质条件下，在海鸟、植物及其作用下形成的土壤，构造了一个独特的、富磷土壤生态系统。为了保持这个生态系统的稳定性，应特别注意保护好作为这个生态系统的纽带——土壤。文章提出了相应的措施。This paper reviewes the survey and researches on soils and ecosystems of the South China Sea Islands carded out during the 1930s, 1970s and 1990s. Soil formation, soil characteristics, guano phosphate rocks and soil distribution of the South China Sea Islands are introduced. The soils in these islands are phospho-calcic sandy soils, whose ages are about 1 000-2 000 a. B. P. It is believed that a special phosphorus-enriched soil and the entire ecosystem consisting coral, shell sands, seabirds, plants and soils was constructed by the interaction of these factors. Sea birds play a key role in P cycle by adding P-rich guano to the soils. To maintain the stability of this ecosystem, special attention should be paid to the key link of the ecosystem, namely, the soils.

关 键 词：南海诸岛 富磷岩性均腐土 土壤生态系统 

分 类 号：S155.3[农业科学—土壤学]