地铁颗粒物PM_(2.5)的SEM和微束XRF分析  

Study on airborne particulate matter in PM_(2.5) in Shanghai city’s subway by SEM and SR-XRF

作　　者：杨永兴[1] 包良满[2] 雷前涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]工业和信息化部电子第五研究所,广东广州510610 [2]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2013年第1期47-53,共7页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：国家青年科学基金资助项目(No.11005141);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.11079049);中国博士后科学基金面上项目资助(No.20100470747)

摘　　要：采用扫描电镜和X-射线能谱分析(SEM-EDS)以及同步辐射X射线荧光分析(SR-XRF)技术,对地铁PM2.5颗粒物样品进行了形貌及元素成分分析。SEM结果表明地铁颗粒物形貌不同于室外颗粒物,地铁颗粒物粒径较大,形状不规则,具有片状刮擦特性。EDS分析表明地铁单颗粒物中Fe、O元素成分含量最高,铁氧化物是地铁颗粒物的主要成分。结果表明,地铁大气环境明显有别于地铁外环境,地铁在运行过程中产生了大量富含对人体有害的金属颗粒物。地铁环境对城市人群健康的影响需要引起重视。In this paper,the composition,morphology and structure of airborne particulate matter in PM2.5 in Shanghai city’s subway and urban street were studied using SEM-EDS and synchrotron radiation technique micro-beam X-ray fluorescence（XRF）.SEM results showed that subway particles had a flat surface in combination with parallel scratches and sharp edges and looked like metal sheets or flakes,whose morphology was obvious different from that of urban street particles.Furthermore,the atomic composition of typical subway particles was analyzed by EDS.The results showed that oxygen and iron dominated the mass of the particles.It is a relative airtight microenvironment for the people who works in the subway stations or takes the subways every day.The work suggested that great attentions should be paid to the influence of subway’s particles on the health of people in subways.

关 键 词：SEM-EDS 颗粒物 同步辐射 XRF 地铁 PM2 5 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]