土壤盐分对小麦扬花期农艺性状的影响  

Effect of Soil Salinity on Wheat Agronomic Characters at Flowering Stage

作　　者：王光州[1] 冯固[1] 张宏彦[1,2] 刘全清[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源环境与粮食安全中心,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学曲周实验站,河北曲周057250 [3]河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《华北农学报》2013年第1期201-207,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：河北省重大技术创新项目(12220201Z);邯郸市重点项目(1122101047)

摘　　要：通过对生长于盐渍化土壤中的小麦在扬花期的农艺性状及土壤pH值、电导率的测定分析,研究了土壤电导率与小麦生长性状的相关性以及土壤的盐渍化程度对以上性状的影响。结果表明,土壤电导率与单位面积小麦穗数、旗叶叶片SPAD值、小麦株高、旗叶叶面积、穗表面积、地上部干物质生物量、根系干物质生物量之间呈负相关,其中与单位面积的穗数、株高的相关性较好,且随着土壤盐渍化程度加重,以上指标值都有降低趋势。综上分析,土壤电导率和pH值可作为田间判断土壤盐渍化程度的参考指标,单位面积小麦穗数、株高可以作为鉴定扬花期小麦受盐害程度和耐盐性大小的指标。研究结果还表明,土壤盐害不仅对小麦苗期生长产生抑制作用,在小麦的后期生长过程中,土壤盐害也会不同程度地影响相应的生理代谢过程,最终影响小麦产量。Through measuring and analyzing wheat agronomic characters at flowering stage and soil pH,soil electrical conductivity,we explored the correlation between soil electrical conductivity and wheat growth traits and the influences of different soil salinization degree on those indexes.The results showed that soil electrical conductivity was negatively correlated with spikes per unit area,SPAD,plant height,flag leaf area,panicle,surface area,shoot dry matter biomass,and root dry matter biomass,and the spikes per unit area and plant height has better correlation;and with the increasing of soil salinization degree,these indicatorvalues decreased.In summary,through testing soil conductivity and pH,we can rapidly tell the type and the degree of soil salinization.Spikes per unit area,wheat height can be used as good indicators to identify salt injury degree of wheat.The results also indicated that salty soil can not only inhibit wheat seeding growth,but will also affect corresponding physiological processes in the late growth process,which ultimately impacted wheat yield.

关 键 词：土壤盐分 小麦 扬花期 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S512.01[农业科学—作物学]