黄土高原地区退耕还林(草)的基本思路  

THE BASIC IDEAS FOR CHANGING CULTIVATED LAND TO FOREST(GRASS) IN LOESS PLATEAU REGION

作　　者：彭珂珊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院及水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《云南地理环境研究》2000年第2期37-44,共8页Yunnan Geographic Environment Research

基　　金：国家科技攻关项目! ( 96-0 0 4 -0 5-1 3 )

摘　　要：朱基总理针对 1 998年中国水土流失加剧而致使洪灾造成 2 2 51亿元人民币巨大损失的现实 ,于 1 999年 8月提出了“退耕还林 (草 )、封山绿化、个体承包、以粮代赈”的措施 ,为根治黄土高原的水土流失和良化中国的生态环境指明了方向。在上述背景下分析了中国黄土高原地区坡耕地引起水土流失、肥力低下、水源缺乏、灾害频繁的四大问题 ,根据黄土高原的生态环境脆弱的具体情况 ,提出了以下几条对策 :1提高思想认识 ;2保证人均一定的农田 ;3实现农林牧业最佳结合 ;4提出合理的措施 ;5健全保障机制 ;6正确处理各种关系。研究的基本思路可供同类地区的干部和群众为退耕还林 (草 ) ,搞好植树造林 ,治理水土流失 ,脱贫致富 。According to the fact of loss 225 1 billion RMB caused by serious soil erosion in 1998,Premier Zhu rongji proposed the measures of “changing the cultivated land to forest,afforestate,contracting with the private contract,and relieving grain instead of money”in Augest,1998 These ideas give a way for permanently preventing soil erosion in Loess Plateau Region,and improving ecological environment in China This paper analyses four problems on causing of soil erosion,soil degradation,water resources lacking,high frequency of disaster at sloping area of Loess Plateau in China According to the frail ecological environment of Loess Plateau,author puts forward the following six suggestion:(1)Improving knowledge (2)Every farmer has a certain cultivated land (3)Combining agriculture with forestry and stock raising (4)Adopting appropriate measures (5)Improving the institution (6)Coordinate the various relationships These ideas may help cadres and amasses to make better work on changing the cultivated land to forest,afforestation,controlling soil erosion,making a better life

关 键 词：退耕还林 土壤侵蚀 生态环境 黄土高原 水土流失 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] S28[农业科学—农业基础科学]