摄食水平对异育银鲫生长及能量收支的影响  

EFFECT OF RATION LEVEL ON GROWTH AND ENERGY BUDGET OF THE GIBEL CARP, CARASSIUS AURATUS GIBELIO

作　　者：朱晓鸣[1] 解绶启[1] 崔奕波[1] 

机构地区：[1]淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2000年第5期471-479,共9页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会优秀中青年人才专项基金资助项目!3 93 2 1 0 0 2号

摘　　要：于 1 995年 6月在中国科学院水生生物研究所关桥繁殖场采集异育银鲫自繁鱼种(体重为 1 .2 6± 0 .0 5g) ,采用生长实验的方法 ,在 30℃水温下 ,测定其从饥饿到饱食 6个摄食水平下的生长和能量收支。结果表明 ,随着摄食水平的增加 ,鱼体干物质和能量含量、表观消化率呈上升趋势 ;湿重特定生长率随摄食水平的增加呈线性上升 ,干重和能量特定生长率呈对数增加 ;饲料转化效率随摄食水平增加而增加 ,达到最大值后维持不变。排泄能和总代谢耗能占摄入食物能的比例不受摄食水平的影响。最大摄食水平下的能量收支式为 :1 0 0C =1 2 .32F + 3.2 1U + 63.74R + 2 0 .72G ,式中 ,C为食物能 ,F为粪便能 ,U为排泄能 ,R为代谢能 ,G为生长能。A growth experiment was carried out at 6 ration levels (starvation, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and satiation) to investigate effects of ration size on the growth and energy budget of the gibel carp (weighing 1.26±0.05g) at 30℃. Fish were fed with a diet containing 37.88% crude protein. Food consumption, faecal production, nitrogen excretion and growth were determined directly, and metabolism was calculated by the difference of energy budget. Fish body contents of dry matter and energy, apparent digestibility coefficient increased with ration level. Specific growth rate in wet weight increased linearly, while that in dry matter and energy increased curvilinearly with ration. Conversion efficiency initially increased with ration, but remained unchanged at high rations. The proportions of food energy lost in nitrogen excretion and channelled into metabolism were not significantly affected by ration. At satiation, the energy budget was: 100 C=12.32F+ 3.21U+63.74R+20.72G, where C, F, U, R, G represent food consumption, faecal production, nitrogen excretion, metabolism and growth, respectively.

关 键 词：摄食水平 异育银鲫 生长 能量收支 

分 类 号：S965.117[农业科学—水产养殖]