废水灌溉下有机物料对重度盐渍土养分及芦苇生长的影响  

Effects of organic amendments on severe saline soil nutrient content and reed growth under wastewater irrigation

作　　者：于妍[1] 夏梦婧[1] 裴定宇 陆兆华[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京市计科能源新技术开发公司,北京100080 [3]滨州学院山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室,滨州256603

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2013年第4期448-455,共8页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2006BAC01A13;2011BAC02B01-05);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2009QH20)资助

摘　　要：在山东滨州含盐量为16.7 g.kg 1的重度退化滨海盐碱湿地,研究了造纸废水灌溉条件下添加有机物料对盐渍土养分和芦苇生长的影响,以期为重度退化滨海盐碱湿地的生物修复提供依据。试验从春季开始进行,共设4种处理:翻耕对照(CK)、翻耕+废水灌溉(FF)、翻耕+废水灌溉+秸秆(FFJ)以及翻耕+废水灌溉+污泥(FFW),测定了不同处理下土壤养分、呼吸强度、含盐量及芦苇株高和生物量的变化。结果表明,与对照相比,各处理土壤有机质显著提高,10月末时FFJ、FFW和FF处理土壤有机质含量分别是对照的1.34倍、1.29倍和1.22倍;碱解氮和有效磷含量也高于对照,依次为FFW>FFJ>FF>CK;各处理土壤呼吸强度高于对照,其中FFJ处理显著高于对照,比试验初期提高96%;各处理表层土壤含盐量均出现不同程度降低,以FFJ和FFW降低幅度最大,分别比对照降低22.6%和16.3%;FFW、FFJ和FF处理的芦苇株高显著高于对照,8月末分别是对照的3.1倍、2.7倍和2.2倍;FFJ和FFW处理的芦苇生物量、根冠比和平均叶面积都显著高于对照,而FF处理与对照没有显著差异;FF处理芦苇株高、生物量与土壤有效氮含量相关最为显著,FFJ和FFW处理与土壤有机质含量相关性最为显著。结果表明,废水灌溉为重度盐渍化土壤提供了充足的水分,有机物料能有效提高土壤养分含量,解决了重度盐碱化土壤水分胁迫和养分胁迫的问题,促进芦苇生长,但秸秆和污泥两种有机物料之间没有显著差异。The effects of organic amendments on the nutrient state of severe saline soil and reed growth under wastewater irrigation were investigated in this study.The results obtained were critical for bioremediation of degraded saline-alkali wetlands in coastal regions.Experiments were performed in a severely degraded coastal saline-alkali wetland（with salinity level of 16.7 g·kg·1） in the Binzhou County of Shandong Province,China.The experiments were started in the spring and four treatments were tested — tillage（CK） as the control;tillage ＋ wastewater irrigation（FF）,tillage ＋ wastewater irrigation ＋ grass straw application（FFJ） and tillage ＋ wastewater irrigation ＋ sludge application（FFW）.For each treatment,soil organic matter increased significantly compared with CK.At the end of October,organic matter contents of FFJ,FFW and FF were 1.34,1.29 and 1.22 times that of CK.Compared with CK,soil available nitrogen and phosphorus also increased with the order of FFW FFJ FF.The salinity of the top soil layer（0~20 cm） decreased in all the treatments,and especially in FFJ and FFW which decreased by 22.6% and 16.3%,respectively,compared with that of CK.At the end of August,reed height under FFW,FFJ and FF were 3.1,2.7 and 2.2 times that of CK.Total biomass,root mass/crown mass and average leaf area under FFW and FFJ increased significantly（P 0.05） compared with CK.Reed heights under FF,FFJ and FFW treatments significantly correlated with soil organic matter/available nitrogen with respective correlation coefficients（R2） of 0.897/0.963,0.999/0.837 and 0.998/0.778.Total biomass under FF,FFJ and FFW treatments significantly correlated with soil organic matter/available nitrogen with respective R2 of 0.863/0.937,0.971/0.876 and 0.996/0.799.Plant height and biomass significantly correlated with soil organic matter under FFJ and FFW,but only significantly correlated with soil available nitrogen under FF.The results showed that wastewater irrigation provided ample water in severe saline so

关 键 词：退化湿地 重度盐渍化土 芦苇 造纸废水 有机物料 土壤养分 生物量 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]