栽培措施对文心兰花芽萌发与生长的影响  

Effects of Different Cultivation Measures on Flower Bud Germination and Growth of Oncidium Gower Ramsey

作　　者：刘燕 孙超 祁翔 王济红 

机构地区：[1]贵州省生物研究所,贵州贵阳550009

出　　处：《北方园艺》2013年第7期69-73,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：贵州省体改基金资助项目(黔科合体z字[2010]4005号);贵州省发改委重大专项子课题资助项目(黔发改高技[2008]1602号)

摘　　要：以文心兰切花品种"南茜"(OncidiumGower Ramsey)3a生组培苗为试材,研究了设施栽培条件下不同光照条件、不同补光时间、控水、延迟夜间低温、不同施肥处理和不同激素处理对文心兰花芽萌发及生长的影响。结果表明:在棚内自然变温条件下(5～35℃),遮荫50%～70%有利于花芽萌发和花梗伸长生长,强光照不利于花芽萌发和生长,但能使花芽提前萌发;补光处理、控水处理和延迟夜间低温等处理显著降低了花芽萌发率和花梗伸长生长量;高氮肥、较高钾肥处理花芽萌发量大、花梗生长量高,硼酸钾、氯化钾能抑制花芽萌发和生长;不同激素处理花芽萌发和生长表现不一致,矮壮素能抑制花芽萌发和生长,赤霉素则有利于花芽的萌发和生长。The three years old tissue culture seedlings of Oncidiurn Gower Ramsey were used as experiment materials which treated with different illumination, different supplementary illumination time, water control, low temperature delaying in night ,different fertilizations and different hormones, the effects of different cultivation measures on the flower bud germination and growth of Oncidiurn under greenhouse in Guiyang were studied under natural temperature condition in greenhouse. The results showed that it were in favor of the flower bud germination and growth by treated with overshadowing 50%-70% of sunlight,nevertheless,the stronger sunlight made against, but it can accelerate the flower bud germination. It significantly reduced the flower bud germination rate and growth hy treated with different supplementary illumination time ,water control and low temperature delaying in night. The flower bud germination and growth were promoted when high level nitrogenous and potassic fertilizers were used,hut it restrained the flower bud germination and growth in treatment with K3 BO3 and KCl;the flower bud germination and growth showed differently treated with different hormones,when treated with gibberellin,it was favorable for flower bud germination and growth, however,when treated with cycocel,the flower bud germination and growth were restrained.

关 键 词：文心兰“南茜” 栽培措施 花芽 萌发 生长 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]