深圳市PM_(2.5)化学组成与时空分布特征  

Characterising Seasonal Variation and Spatial Distribution of PM_(2.5) Species in Shenzhen

作　　者：云慧[1] 何凌燕[1] 黄晓锋[1] 兰紫娟[1] 李响[1] 曾立武[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院城市人居环境科学与技术实验室,深圳518055

出　　处：《环境科学》2013年第4期1245-1251,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：深圳市环境科研课题项目

摘　　要：于2008-12-30～2009-12-25,在深圳市宝安区、罗湖区和盐田区各设置一个采样点采集大气细粒子PM2.5,分析了PM2.5中主要的水溶性离子组分、有机碳和元素碳,同时结合气象条件,对深圳市PM2.5的化学组成及时空分布特征进行了研究.结果表明,深圳市PM2.5污染总体上呈现西高东低的空间分布特点,但是SO24-和NH4+的空间差异不大,说明深圳PM2.5污染具有明显的区域传输特征.OC/EC值自西向东逐渐升高,说明深圳西部地区受一次源排放影响更为显著.受亚热带海洋性季风气候的影响,深圳市PM2.5总体污染程度表现为秋冬高、夏春低的特点,各主要组分的质量浓度变化也均有类似的特征.与2004年深圳的类似观测结果比较发现,该地区脱硫措施显著降低了PM2.5中硫酸盐浓度,而机动车尾气对PM2.5的贡献变得更加重要.To investigate the effect of meteorological characteristics on PM2.5 chemical composition and the spatial distribution of different PM2.5 species in Shenzhen,24-h PM2.5 samples were collected every six days from December 2008 to December 2009.The sampling network included an industrial site at Baoan,an urban site at Luohu and a seaside site at Yantian.Water-soluble inorganic ions and carbonaceous material（organic carbon and elemental carbon） were analyzed.The industrial site showed a much higher concentration than that of other two sites of organic matter,elemental carbon and nitrate,which presented the obvious difference of local emissions.But for the concentration of sulfate and ammonium of three different sites nearly stayed at the same level and indicated that they were mainly influenced by regional transport.OC/EC had the characteristics of the industrial sitethe urban sitethe seaside site,which implied that the industrial site had less secondary organic matter and more primary pollution sources.As the subtropical maritime monsoon climate is the dominant meteorological feature of the Pearl River Delta with a southwesterly transport and abundant rain in spring and summer,in contrast to a northwesterly transport and little rain in fall and winter,the PM2.5pollution was much more serious in winter than in summer.Compared with the results of the similar experiment in 2004,the concentration of sulfate in PM2.5 has significantly declined because of the measures of reducing the emission of sulfer dioxide.But the pollution of vehicle emissions has become significant.

关 键 词：PM2 5 化学组成 空间分布 季节变化 深圳市 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]