施用磷肥对土壤NO_(3)^(-)-N累积的影响  

Effect of phosphate application on soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation

作　　者：袁新民[1] 同延安[2] 杨学云[2] 李晓林[1] 张福锁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物营养系,北京100094 [2]陕西省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2000年第4期397-403,共7页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家重点基础研究专项经费资助(G1999011707)

摘　　要：在黄土高原南部的“国家黄土肥力和肥料效益监测基地”进行的长期定位试验结果表明 ,在小麦 玉米轮作中 ,当年施氮量为N 352kg/hm2 时 ,单施氮肥或氮钾配合的 0～ 4m土壤剖面的NO- 3 N累积量达 10 0 0kg/hm2 以上 ,其中约 50 %～ 60 %的NO- 3 N分布在 2～ 4m以下的土层中 ,而氮磷配合的 0～ 4m土壤剖面的NO- 3 N累积量仅为 2 2 0kg/hm2 ,且 80 %的NO- 3 N分布在 0～2m的土层中 ,增施磷肥由于增加了氮的吸收和对水分的利用而有效地降低了土壤中NO- 3 N的累积。An eight?year long?term experiment in Loess Plateau Area demonstrated the importance of balanced fertilization. In a rotation of wheat?corn, when nitrogen application rate was as high as 352kg·hm -2 ·a -1 , NO - 3?N accumulation in a 4 meter deep profile was more than 1000kg/hm 2 if there was no application of phosphorus fertilizer(treatment of N and NK), and 50%～60% of it distributed below 2 meter soil layer. For treatment of applying phosphorus fertilizer(NP), the NO - 3?N accumulation was only about 220kg/hm 2, and more than 80% of it distributed in a layer of 0～2m. Balanced fertilization can greatly decrease soil NO - 3?N accumulation by increasing soil water use efficiency and nitrogen uptake.

关 键 词：磷肥 NO_(3)^(-)-N累积 

分 类 号：S143.2[农业科学—肥料学] S153.61[农业科学—农业基础科学]