宝山区2010～2011年水痘暴发疫情分析  

Epidemic analysis of outbreaks for varicella in Baosan District during 2010-2011

作　　者：杨佳平[1] 李明珠[1] 李晓军[1] 朱江[1] 吴铭[1] 陈永君[1] 赵世莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市宝山区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,上海201901

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第7期1204-1205,1208,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市宝山区科委2009年课题(09-E-32)

摘　　要：目的了解宝山区近两年的水痘暴发情况及暴发点水痘疫苗接种情况,为水痘疫情的防控提供参考依据。方法对2009年10月～2011年9月发生在上海市宝山区的水痘暴发疫情进行描述性分析,并对突破病例与自然感染病例的临床症状进行比较。结果宝山区近两年的水痘暴发疫情主要发生在学校和幼托机构,各暴发点罹患率在0.35%～5.88%之间;61.5%的暴发病例分布在6～11岁;暴发病例中有明确的水痘疫苗接种史者占26.87%;93.27%的突破病例接种间隔在3年以上;突破病例的临床症状轻于自然感染病例。结论目前宝山区水痘暴发疫情的防控形势严峻,应严格落实各项防控措施,通过扩大卫生宣传、提高水痘疫苗免疫接种率、并适时地推广水痘疫苗的应急接种和加强接种策略等综合性措施,有效防止水痘的暴发流行。OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemic situation of outbreaks for varicella in Baosan district, and to provide reference for prevention and control of varicella. METHODS Descriptive analysis on the epidemic situation was carried out, and comparison of symptoms of breakthrough cases and field cases was conducted. RESULTS Almost of all varicella outbreaks broke out in schools and kindergartens in 2010-2011 in Baoshan district. The attack rates of these schools and kindergartens were between 0.35% and 5.88%; 61.5% of cases were between 6 and 11 years old; coverage rate of immunization in all cases was 26.87%; 93.27% of breakthrough cases were immunized 3 years ago; symptoms of breakthrough cases were lighter than symptoms of field cases. CONCLUSION Varicella has distinct seasonal fluctuation, with the highest incidence occurring in winter and early spring. It is necessary to emphasize the report of infectious diseases, widen propaganda work, increase the immunization rate, popularize emergent vaccination and booster inoculation.

关 键 词：水痘 暴发 疫情分析 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]