基于信息熵的区域货运供需结构适应性  

Adaptability between Supply Structure and Demand Structure of Regional Freightage Based on Information Entropy Theory

作　　者：唐建桥[1] 王慈光[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2013年第4期148-154,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

摘　　要：为探讨交通运输与社会经济发展间的适应性,为决策机构优化运输结构和改善供需结构适应性提供依据,运用信息熵理论,以区域货运供需结构适应性为研究对象,指出目前在理论研究中存在的不足和现实中存在的不适应性问题;通过分析影响货运需求结构和供给结构的主要因素,分别建立了货运需求结构和供给结构信息熵模型;建立了货运供需结构适应性的信息熵评价模型,并提出其适应性评价标准和方法。研究结论表明:不仅货运供给总量应满足货运总需求,而且其供给结构也应适应需求结构要求;货运供给结构的熵值大小应与货运需求结构的熵值大小一致,且两者熵函数的变化速率或变化趋势也应一致;货运供需结构熵函数值的相对离差系数应趋于0,适应度G(t)应趋于1。in order to discuss the adaptability between provide decision-making basis for decision-maker to adaptability, by using information entropy theory, structure of regional freightage as the study object taking transportation and social economy development, to optimize transportation structure and improve the the adaptability between supply structure and demand , insufficiency on theory research and existent inadaptability in the reality are pointed out. By analyzing the main influencing factors on supply structure and demand structure, the information entropy models are built up respectively, the adaptability information entropy evaluation model is built up, and the adaptability criterion and method are put forward. The results show that （1） not only freightage gross supply is needed to meet freightage gross demand, but also supply structure is required to well adapt to demand structure; （2） the entropy value of supply structure is needed to be consistent with the entropy value of demand structure, and the changing trends or velocities of entropy functions are also needed to consistent with each other; （3） the relative difference coefficient of entropy function value of freightage supply-demand structure should be close to 0, and the adaptability degree G（t） should be close to 1.

关 键 词：运输经济 适应性评价模型 信息熵理论 货运结构 供给结构 需求结构 

分 类 号：U492.3[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]