山东地区2010年秋冬型恙虫病流行特征及影响因素  

Epidemic characteristics and related factors of autumn-winter type scrub typhus in Shandong area,2010

作　　者：丁磊[1] 王显军[2] 李忠[2] 丁淑军[2] 张萌[1] 赵仲堂[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学研究所,山东济南250012 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心病毒所

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2013年第4期543-545,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30972515)

摘　　要：目的了解秋冬型恙虫病流行特征及影响因素,为其控制对策与措施的251例患者制定提供科学依据。方法对山东省疾病报告信息系统2010年恙虫病监测数据251例患者进行流行病学分析,并对2010年的128例患者和256名无恙虫病史健康人进行1∶2匹配的病例对照研究。结果 5—11月均有发病,10月为高峰,占74.10%;发病年龄1～85岁,以50～70岁为主,占45.82%;48.21%为男性,51.79%为女性;农民为该病高发人群,占86.45%;按性别的年龄及职业分布差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);多因素分析显示,住宅周围有杂草滋生或作物种植、居住村边、发病前感知不明昆虫叮咬、院内堆放柴草或农作物秸秆、居住环境潮湿、个人卫生习惯欠佳及居住草房是该病流行的危险因素,OR值分别为2.815、2.250、4.500、2.100、5.788、1.943及4.049;鼠类传播疾病知识认知为其保护性因素,PAR%为-47.57%。结论秋冬型恙虫病以中老年农民发病为主,10月为发病高峰,多种因素与其流行有关。Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics and related factors of scrub typhus and to provide evidence for prevention and control of the disease. Methods Based on Shandong Diseases Reporting Information System （SDIS） ,information on scrub typhus cases reported in 2010 were analyzed and a community-based 1 to 2 matched casecontrol study was carded out. Results The epidemic period of scrub typhus ranged from May to November and 74.10% of the cases occurred in October, the peak occurrence time. The age distribution of the cases was from 1 to 85 years, mainly at age of 50 to 70 years（45.82%）. Male and female accounted for 48.21% and 51.79% of the cases. Farmer was the predominant occupation group among the cases （86.45 %）. There was no significant gender difference in occupa- tion and age distribution （P〉0.05）. Multi-variant analyses indicated that surroundings with weeds or crops, living at outskirts of village, bitten history by unknown insects, firewood or straws piled in yards, damp environment of living, unhealthy personal habits, and living in cottages were risk factors for scrub typhus, with the odds ratios of 2.815,2.250, 4.500,2.100,5.788,1.943 and 4. 049, respectively. Knowledge about rodents transmitting diseases was a preventive factor of the disease, with a population-attributive risk of 47.57%. Conclusion Farmers at middle and old age are the most susceptible population for scrub typhus; October is the peak occurrence period of the disease and its prevalence is related to several environmental factors.

关 键 词：恙虫病 秋冬型 流行特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：R183.5[医药卫生—流行病学]