垃圾焚烧厂周边哺乳妇女母乳中二噁英负荷水平及影响因素  

The dioxin burthen level in breast milk of lactating women near municipal waste incinerators and the influential factors

作　　者：席铁举[1,2] 李胜浓[2] 蒋友胜[2] 周健[2] 王培席[1] 张建清[2] 林晓仕[2] 陆少游[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院公共卫生学院,广东广州510182 [2]深圳市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第8期1403-1407,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家科技部863项目(2011AA060605)

摘　　要：目的定量检测深圳市垃圾焚烧炉周围居民母乳中多氯代二苯并-对-二噁英与多氯代二苯并呋喃(PCDD/Fs)含量,对比深圳市普通人群母乳中PCDD/Fs含量,并分析其相关影响因素。方法于2011年4～12月,采集垃圾焚烧炉周围5km范围内,符合条件的哺乳期妇女产后1～2个月的母乳89份。母乳样品经前处理后,采用同位素稀释的高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱方法(HRGC/HRMS),对母乳样品中的PCDD/Fs的17种化合物单体进行定量分析,计算总毒性当量浓度。用SPSS13.0分析乳母年龄、居住时间、饮食等因素与母乳中PCDD/Fs浓度的相关关系。结果母乳样品中ΣPCDD/Fs质量浓度中位数为181.52pg/g脂肪,ΣTEQ-PCDD/Fs浓度中位数为5.80pg/g脂肪。按质量浓度计算,占主要优势的污染化合物单体为OCDD84.26%、1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD5.84%、OCDF2.14%。按照TEQ浓度计算,占主要优势的污染化合物单体为2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF39.45%、1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF7.56%、1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD24.20%。经统计学分析发现,年龄与母乳中PCDD/Fs负荷相关,高年龄组母亲的母乳中PCDD/Fs负荷高于低年龄组母亲(分别为7.71pg/g脂肪和6.34pg/g脂肪,P=0.04);家庭收入与母乳中PCDD/Fs负荷水平相关(r=0.22,P﹤0.05)。结论深圳地区垃圾焚烧炉周围母乳中二噁英类化合物负荷水平与深圳市普通人群相当,母乳中PCDD/Fs负荷水平与母亲年龄和家庭收入正相关。OBJECTIVE To detect the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans （PCDD/Fs） in human breast milk from the mothers living near municipal waste incinerators in Shenzhen, compare with the levels of PCDD/Fs in human breast milk from the general population in Shcnzhen and further analyze the influential factors. METHODS 89 milk samples were collected from the eligible puerpera recruited in the present study within five kilometer radius around waste incinerators from April to December in 2011. Milk samples were freeze-dried, extracted by ASE and purified by FMS as the integrate pre-treatment, then quantified by high-resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry （HRGC/HRMS） with isotope dilution methodology. 17 compounds monomer of PCDD/Fs were detected and TEQ were calculated. The relative relationships between ages, residence periods, BMI, diet, infant＇s birth weight and length and the burden of PCDD/Fs in breast milk statistically were analyzed by SPSS 13.0. RESULTS The median concentration of ∑PCDD/Fs in samples was 181.52 pg/g fat. The median concentration of ∑TEQ-PCDD/Fs was 5.80 pg/g fat. Both of the toxicity equivalent concentration and the PCDD/Fs mass concentration in the mothers who live near incinerators were comparable with the body burden of general population in Shenzhen. OCDD, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8-HpCDD and OCDF were the dominant contributors to EPCDD/Fs, which were 84.26%, 5.84% and 2.14% respectively, and 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-PeCDF, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-Hx- CDF, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8-PeCDD were the dominant contributors to ∑TEQ-PCDD/Fs, which were 39.45%, 7.56%, 24.20% respectively. Age was significantly related to ∑TEQ-PCDD/Fs concentration and older mothers had higher level of PCDD/Fs in their milk than younger mothers （7.71 pg/g fat and 6.34 pg,/g fat respectively, P = 0.04） ; Family income and PCDD/Fs load level in breast milk were correlated （r = 0.22, P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION The body burdens of PCDD/Fs in human breast milk from the mot

关 键 词：二噁英 垃圾焚烧 负荷 风险分析 

分 类 号：R124.3[医药卫生—环境卫生学]