小麦不同磷效率品种对不同磷源的利用差异及酸性磷酸酶的作用  

Difference in P Utilization from Organic Phosphate between Two Wheat Varieties and its Relations with Acid Phosphatase Activity

作　　者：吴沂珀[1] 张锡洲[1] 李廷轩[1] 阳显斌[1] 吴德勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源环境学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《核农学报》2013年第3期351-357,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40901138);国家科技支撑计划子课题(2008BAD98B03);四川省农业大学双支计划

摘　　要：以小麦磷高效利用品种(03-2917)和低效利用品种(S-10-1)为材料,在水培条件下,测定其生物量、磷含量、根系分泌酸性磷酸酶、根系及叶片酸性磷酸酶活性等,研究不同磷素利用效率小麦品种有机磷吸收利用的差异。结果表明:(1)不同供磷条件下,磷高效品种干物质量、磷积累量较低效品种的大,而磷含量低于低效品种。小麦不同磷素利用效率品种均表现为无机磷处理下根冠比大于有机磷处理,磷高效品种在不同施磷处理下根冠比均较大。(2)不同磷效率小麦品种根系分泌酸性磷酸酶活性在低无机磷处理(0.05mmolP.L-1,Ⅳ)下最大,1/2无机磷+1/2有机磷处理(0.30mmolP.L-1,Ⅱ)大于正常有机磷处理。不同磷处理下,高效品种根系分泌酸性磷酸酶活性均大于低效品种。(3)不同磷效率小麦根系与叶片酸性磷酸酶活性呈现为正常无机磷(Ⅰ)<1/2无机磷+1/2有机磷(Ⅱ)<正常有机磷(Ⅲ)<低无机磷(Ⅳ)的处理,且低效品种大于高效品种。(4)无机磷总量在磷处理及品种间表现与酸性磷酸酶相反的趋势,正常无机磷(Ⅰ)>1/2无机磷+1/2有机磷(Ⅱ)>正常有机磷(Ⅲ)>低无机磷(Ⅳ)的处理,高效品种大于低效品种。In this paper,a hydroponic experiment with two wheat varieties（03-2917and S-10-1） differing in phosphorus efficiency as test materials,was conducted to investigate their P utilization from myo-inositolhexaphosphate（IHP）,the difference of roots secrete acid phosphatase activity and the difference of root and leaf acid phosphatase activity under organic phosphorus treatment with normal and low supply of inorganic phosphorus as control study.Results showed that,the dry mass and phosphorus accumulated volume of 03-2917 was higher than the S-10-1 under different phosphorus treatment（normal inorganic phosphorus,1/2 inorganic phosphorus＋1/2 organic phosphorus,normal organic phosphorus and low inorganic phosphorus）,and the phosphorus content of 03-2917 was lower than the S-10-1.The shoot ratio applied with inorganic phosphorus as the P source was significantly higher than those with organic phosphorus,which showed that organic phosphorus would inhibit root growth.Differences were found between two wheat varieties using organic phosphorus that the ability of 03-2917 to absorb organic phosphorus was greater than S-10-1.Roots secrete acid phosphatase activity of two wheat varieties was maximum under the low inorganic phosphorus treatment,and 1/2inorganic phosphorus ＋1/2organic phosphorus treatment is higher than the organic phosphorus treatment of normal supplying of P concentration.Roots secrete acid phosphatase induced by phosphorus stress,and low inorganic phosphorus can promote the presence of more acid phosphatase secretion.The acid phosphatase activity of roots and leaves of two varieties showed normal inorganic phosphorus 1/2inorganic phosphorus＋1/2organic phosphorus normal organic phosphorus low inorganic phosphorus,and that of the S-10-1 was higher than 03-2917.The total inorganic phosphorus displayed the opposite trend of acid phosphatase activity under treatments and varieties.Acid phosphatase activity in the plant is an adaptive response under low phosphorus stress.

关 键 词：小麦 磷效率 有机磷 酸性磷酸酶 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]