海湾生态系统健康评价方法构建及在大亚湾的应用  

Establishment of integrated methodology for bay ecosystem health assessment and its application in Daya Bay

作　　者：李纯厚[1] 林琳[1] 徐姗楠[1] 戴明[1] 黄洪辉[1] 杜飞雁[1] 刘永[1] 齐占会[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东省渔业生态环境重点开放实验室,中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广州510300

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第6期1798-1810,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：科技部科研院所社会公益研究专项资金项目(2005DIB3J020);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,2007ZD003,2010TS13);广东省重大科技计划项目(2009B030600002);国家自然科学基金项目(31100362);热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所)开放课题项目(LTO1106)

摘　　要：根据海洋生态系统的压力-结构-响应框架模型,从压力指标、结构指标、响应指标等几个方面构建了海湾生态系统健康评价的指标体系,提出了基于GIS的海湾生态系统健康综合指数法。以春季大亚湾海洋生态系统为例进行实证研究。结果表明:大亚湾海湾生态系统春季的健康综合指数平均值为0.57±0.08,从总体看来,生态系统健康状态处于"较好"水平,浮游植物丰度、浮游植物多样性和生态缓冲容量是其主要健康负面因子,健康状况可能面临着向"临界"状态转化的危险。实证研究表明该方法适用性强、结果客观准确、形象生动,是一种值得推广的定量评价方法。Bay ecosystem health, recently, has faced a growing interference and disturbance by anthropogenic activities, which has also caused challenges to ecosystem management. Ecosystem health assessment, a new methodology of ecosystem assessment, could obtain the current situation both of ecosystem structure and function and provide a great of necessary information for ecosystem management. An integrated assessment methodology for bay ecosystem health was established based on geographical information system （GIS） technology, which was on basis of a ＂pressure-structure-response＂ frame model for marine ecosystem and an ecosystem health assessment indicator system constructed by external pressure, ecosystem structure and response parameters. This paper also presented a case study of Daya bay in spring by employing GIS technology.The results showed that the average ecosystem health integrated index was 0.57 in Daya Bay ecosystem in spring. Detailedly, organic pollutant index ranged from 0.36 to 1, with the average value at 0.87, was at ＂very good＂ level of Daya Bay ecosystem. Eutrophic level index value ranged from 0.17 to 1, with the average of 0.77, indicated ＂better＂ level of the ecosystem. Furthermore, phytoplankton abundance index was at a ＂worse＂ level because of the ranges from 0.33 to 1 and the average of 0.21. Zooplankton biomass index ranged from 0.16 to 1, with the average of 0.88, suggested the ecosystem was at a ＂very good＂ level. Zoobenthos biomass index was at ＂critical state＂, as the index value ranged from 0 to 1 and the average value at 0.59. Moreover, phytoplankton diversity index was also ＂critical state＂ level, as the index ranged from 0.39 to 0.75 and the average of 0.55. Primary productivity index, ranged from 0.21 to 1 and the average of 0.77, illustrated the ＂better＂ level of the ecosystem. However, ecological buffer capacity index was at a ＂worst＂ level, as the index value ranged from 0 to 0.39 and the average value of 0.06. Resumptively, spatial distribution

关 键 词：GIS 健康评价 春季 空间插值法 大亚湾 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]