俄国对华政策的演变与中东铁路的修筑  

A Change of Russia’s Policy on China and Construction of Chinese Eastern Railway

作　　者：马蔚云[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学俄罗斯语言文学与文化研究中心 [2]黑龙江大学俄罗斯研究院

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2013年第2期40-53,共14页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目<中东铁路俄文档案文献的整理与研究>(项目编号:11JJD870001);黑龙江省教育厅人文社会科学研究项目<中东铁路的修筑及其对中俄(苏)关系的影响>(项目编号:12512253)阶段性成果

摘　　要：为了攫取中东铁路的权益,俄国在政治、经济和外交上进行了精心准备。中日甲午战争后,俄国于1895年带头成功干涉还辽,说明其已经完成了攫取我国东北铁路权益的政治准备。俄国还借助这一有利时机,进行夺取路权的经济准备工作,即向清政府贷款和成立华俄道胜银行,企图控制中国的经济命脉。翌年,俄国同清政府签订《中俄密约》,获得了在中国修筑中东铁路的特权。中东铁路的修筑是俄国推行远东政策的必然产物,对远东国际关系产生了重要影响。Russia was fully prepared in politics, economy and diplomacy for the rights and interests of the Chinese Eastern Railway. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 and 1895, Russia took the lead in successful interference in returning the Liao in 1895. This showed that Russia had completed political preparations for seizing the rights of the Chinese Eastern Railway. Russia also used this favorable opportunity to make economic preparations for seizing the rights of the railway, i.e. giving credit to the government of the Qing Dynasty and establishing a Sino-Russian Daosheng Bank, attempting to control China＇s economic lifeline. Russia signed the Sino-Russian Secret Agreement with the Qing government next year, obtaining a privilege of the Chinese Eastern Railway. The construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway was an inevitable outcome of Russia＇s Far East policy and it indicated that Russia＇s policy on China had a great change and brought about a remarkable influence upon the international relations of the Far East.

关 键 词：俄国 远东政策 对华政策 中东铁路 远东国际关系 

分 类 号：K512.42[历史地理—历史学]