垄沟种植模式对玉米生长及产量的影响  

Effects of ridge and furrow planting system on growth and yield of maize

作　　者：张婷[1] 吴普特[1,2,3,4] 赵西宁[2,3,4] 张凤云[3,4] 王自奎[5] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]国家节水灌溉杨凌工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100 [4]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [5]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第1期27-30,40,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD29B09);教育部;国家外国专家局"111"计划(B12007)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,设60、90 cm两种垄宽的垄沟种植模式,以传统种植模式为对照,研究了垄沟种植模式对玉米生长和产量的影响。结果表明:60 cm垄宽的种植模式增产效果最为显著,与90 cm垄沟种植模式和传统种植模式相比,60 cm垄沟种植模式玉米株高分别提高11.1%和19.6%;功能叶叶面积分别提高6.46%和10.78%;相对叶绿素含量分别增加6.7%和12.9%;干物质积累分别增加6.9%和10.7%;玉米产量分别提高8.1%和10.7%;土壤水分利用效率分别提高11.7%和5.8%,差异显著。与传统平作种植模式相比,垄沟种植模式能够促进玉米生长发育,提高产量和水分利用效率。在所有处理中,60 cm垄宽的垄沟种植模式的玉米产量和水分利用效率最高。With traditional cropping pattern as the control, the effects of ridge and furrow planting systems on the growth and yield of maize were studied by a field experiment with two ridge widths of 60 cm and 90 era. Compared with the system with 90 cm wide ridge and the control, the system with 60 cm wide ridge was 11.1% and 19.6% higher in plant height, 6.46% and 10.78% higher in functional leaf area, 6.7% and 12.9% higher in SPAD value, 6.9% and 10.7% higher in dry matter accumulation, 8.1% and 10.7% higher in yield of maize, and 11.7% and 5.8 % higher in soil water use efficiency, and the differences were significant. Compared with the control, the ridge and furrow plant- ing systems could promote the growth and development of maize, and improve the yield and water use efficiency. In all the treatments, the planting system with 60 cm wide ridge was the mode with the highest yield and water use efficiency.

关 键 词：玉米 垄沟种植 垄宽 生长 产量 

分 类 号：S513.048[农业科学—作物学]