高海拔地区春小麦干物质积累与水热条件的关系  

Relationship between dry matter accumulation of spring wheat and the water and thermal condition in high altitude area

作　　者：马兴祥[1,2] 陈雷 王鹤林[1] 丁文魁 阳伏林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所/甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾开放实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省武威农业气象试验站,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第1期52-56,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家重大科学研究计划"全球典型干旱半干旱地区气候变化及其影响"(2012CB955304);973计划"全球变化影响下我国主要陆地生态系统的脆弱性与适应性研究"(2010CB951302);科技部公益研究项目"西北地区旱作农业对气候变暖的响应特征及其预警和应对技术研究"(GYHY200806021-01);科技部行业(气象)专项"农田土壤水分利用效率对气候变化的响应及适应技术"(GYHY201106029);甘肃省气象局气象科研项目(2012-15);兰州干旱气象研究所科研项目(KYS2012BSKY01)

摘　　要：为了探索气候变化情景下农作物种植应对措施,采用分期播种法,研究了高海拔旱作区不同气候情景对春小麦干物质积累过程中降水、热量的影响。结果表明,春小麦干物质积累量与积温、降水均呈极显著正相关,干物质积累期间的积温每增加50℃.d,累积生长量增加0.2 g.株-1.d-1;降水量增加10 mm,累积生长量增加0.11 g.株-1.d-1。计算两年不同播期水、热耦合指数,具有指数大干物质积累多,反之则有减少的趋势。在水、热要素中,降水在旱地春小麦干物质积累过程中的贡献更突出。最终干物质积累量与产量呈极显著正相关,干物质积累量增加,产量增加。根据干物质积累特点和不同气候条件提出了种植应对措施。In order to explore the response measures of crop planting under the background of climate changes, the staging seeding test was conducted to evaluate the influence of water and thermal condition on dry matter accumulation of spring wheat in high altitude area. The result showed that the dry matter accumulation of spring wheat was positively re- lated with both accumulated temperature and precipitation at very significant level. If the accumulated temperature in- creased 50~C~ d, the accumulated growth quantity increased 0.2 g＂ plant-1, d-~; and if the precipitation increased 10 ram, the accumulated growth quantity increased 0.11 g＂ plant- 1. d- 1 during the dry matter accumulation period. The coupling index of water and temperature under different seeding stages in two test years was calculated, and it was found that when the index was high the dry matter accumulation tended to increase, otherwise it tended to reduce. In the factors of water and temperature, the contribution of precipitation was more prominent to the dry matter accumulation of spring wheat in dryland. There was a very significant positive correlation between the final dry matter accumulation and the yield. The planting mate conditions. were proposed according to the features of dry matter accumulation and different cli-mate conditions.

关 键 词：高海拔地区 旱地春小麦 干物质积累 水热耦合 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]