黄土区不同熟制玉米延收增产技术研究  

Effects of delayed harvest on production of maize in loess area

作　　者：郝明德[1] 谢永生[1] 鲍艳杰[2] 黄耀明 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]宝鸡市农机管理推广中心,陕西宝鸡721000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第1期57-60,共4页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB118604);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-JC408);国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2011BAD31B01);农技推广与体系建设专项经费项目

摘　　要：研究了延迟收获对不同熟制玉米株粒重、千粒重及植株器官干物质运移的影响。结果表明,玉米适时延收具有明显的增产效果。延收15 d,春、夏玉米植株器官干物质向籽粒中运移量分别达28.89 g.株-1和23.81g.株-1,叶和茎秆的干物质对籽粒的贡献率高达80%左右;春玉米单株粒重增加29.2 g,单株粒重日增1.95 g,千粒重增加53.8 g,平均日增3.58 g,增产1 336.5 kg.hm-2,增产16.6%;夏玉米单株粒重增加31 g,平均日增重2.1 g,千粒重增加81.7 g,平均千粒重日增5.5 g,产量增加1 488.0 kg.hm-2,增产18.9%,增产效益显著。The experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of delayed harvest on the grain weight per plant, 1000-grain weight and dry matter transport in plant organs of maize. The results show that reasonable delayed harvest could produce an obvious yield-increasing effect. When the harvesting time was delayed for 15 days, the transport amount of dry matter from plant organs of spring and summer maize was 28.89 g and 23.81 g respectively, and the contribution rate of leaves and stem to grains was about 80 %. For spring maize, the grain weight per plant increased 29.2 g, the dai- ly increase of grain weight per plant was 1.95 g, the 1000-grain weight increased 53.8 g, the daily increase of 1000- grain weight was 3.58 g, the yield increased 1 336.5 kg＇hm-2, and the increase rate of yield was 16.6% ; for summer maize, the grain weight per plant increased 31 g, the daily increase of grain weight per plant was 2.1 g, the 1000-grain weight increased 81.7 g, the daily increase of 1000-grain weight was 5.5 g, the yield increased 1 488.0 kg＇hm-2, and the increase rate of yield was 18.9 %.

关 键 词：玉米 延迟收获 增产效应 

分 类 号：S513.047[农业科学—作物学]