变径变间距螺旋板齿式玉米脱粒机设计与试验  

Design and experiment of corn thresher with varied-diameter and varied-spacing spiral plate tooth

作　　者：赵武云[1,2] 郭康权[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]甘肃农业大学工学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第1期226-230,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"西北绿洲农牧循环技术集成与示范"(2012BAD14B10);甘肃省科学技术攻关计划项目"新型低破碎玉米种子脱粒机"(2GS064-A52-032-03)

摘　　要：针对传统种子玉米脱粒机作业时所引起的籽粒脱粒损失率大、破碎率高,果穗轴碎芯较多,对玉米种子发芽及后续清选作业产生严重影响的问题,研制了一种变径变间距螺旋板齿式玉米脱粒机。结合挤搓式脱粒工艺及仿生技术,对样机关键作业部件变径变间距螺旋板齿式脱粒装置及排芯口变刚度压板装置进行了设计与理论分析,并结合该脱粒机进行了相关种子玉米果穗脱粒试验。结果表明,利用该变径变间距螺旋板齿式种子玉米脱粒机进行作业,籽粒破碎率为0.45%~0.64%,脱粒损失率0.30%~0.53%,脱粒含杂率为4.13%~5.83%,能够实现种子玉米果穗高脱净、低破碎、少碎芯的脱粒作业要求。Aimed at the problems that the conventional seed corn threshers faced in operation such as the high loss rate and high crushing rate of grains, and high impurity rate of broken cores, which caused great influence to the germi- nation and cleaning of corn seeds, a new type of corn thresher with varied-diameter and varied - spacing spiral plate tooth was developed. Combin.ed with the threshing process by squeezing and rubbing and bionic technology, the key parts of the prototype including the threshing device with varied- diameter and varied-spacing spiral plate tooth and the cob dis- charging outlet device with variable stiffness clamp were designed and analyzed theoretically, and the experiment of the corn thresher was carried out. The results showed that, by adopting the seed corn thresher with varied-diameter and var- ied-spacing spiral plate tooth, the broken rate of grains was 0.45% ~ 0.64%, the threshing loss rate was 0.30% ~ 0.53%, and the impurity rate was 4.13% - 5.83%, which could meet the demand of clean threshing, low fragmenta- tion and little broken core.

关 键 词：玉米脱粒机 螺旋板齿 变径变间距 设计 试验 

分 类 号：S23[农业科学—农业机械化工程]