大田条件下增强UV-B辐射对元阳梯田2个地方水稻品种叶片形态解剖结构的影响  

Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the leaf morphology and anatomical structure of two local rice varieties in Yuanyang terraced fields, Yunnan Province of Southwest China

作　　者：包龙丽[1] 何永美[1] 祖艳群[1] 李元[1] 高国兴 何玉忠 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [2]元阳县新街镇农业综合服务中心,云南红河662400

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第4期882-889,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31060083;41205113)资助

摘　　要：研究了大田原位种植条件下,人工模拟UV-B辐射增强(0、2.5、5.0、7.5kJ·m-2)对元阳梯田2个地方水稻品种——月亮谷、白脚老粳分蘖期、拔节期和孕穗期的叶片形态解剖结构的影响。结果表明:(1)UV-B辐射增强导致2个供试水稻叶片的叶长、叶宽和单叶面积逐渐减小;叶片厚度显著或极显著增加;叶片上表皮厚度不同程度的增加和下表皮厚度显著或极显著减小;叶片上、下表皮角质层厚度显著或极显著增加;(2)对叶片解剖结构观察进一步发现,UV-B辐射增强导致水稻叶肉细胞排列疏松,细胞间隙增大;(3)2个供试水稻相比,只有5.0与7.5kJ·m-2UV-B辐射处理的白脚老粳叶片下表皮角质层厚度显著大于月亮谷,其他处理均没有显著性差异;(4)各辐射处理间的抑制率相比,2个供试水稻5.0和7.5kJ·m-2UV-B辐射处理的叶长、叶片上表皮厚度和下表皮角质层厚度以及白脚老粳7.5kJ·m-2UV-B辐射处理的单叶面积和叶片上表皮角质层厚度显著或极显著大于2.5kJ·m-2UV-B辐射处理,其他处理均无显著性差异。表明UV-B辐射增强对元阳梯田地方水稻品种叶片的形态、解剖结构有显著影响。An in situ field experiment was conducted in Yuanyang terraced fields to study the effects of simulated enhanced UV-B radiation at different intensity levels （0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 kJ · m-2 ） on the leaf morphology and anatomical structure of two local rice cultivars, Yuelianggu and Baijiaolaojing, at tillering, jointing, and booting stages. For the two test rice cultivars, en- hanced UV-B radiation induced a gradual decrease of leaf length, leaf width, and single leaf area, a significant increase of leaf thickness and upper and lower epidermal cuticle thickness, an increase of upper epidermal thickness, and a significant decrease of lower epidermis thickness. Enhanced UV-B radiation also induced a loose array of mesophyll cell and an increase of intercel- lular space. Under 5.0 and 7.5 kJ · m-2 of UV-B radiation, the thickness of lower epidermal cu- ticle of Baijiaolaojing was significantly bigger than that of Yuelianggu, but no significant differ- ence was observed under other UV-B radiation intensity levels. The leaf length and the thickness of upper epidermal and lower epidermal cuticle of the two test cultivars under 5.0 and 7.5 kJ · m-2 of UV-B radiation, and the leaf area and the thickness of upper epidermal cuticle of Baijiaolaojing under 7.5 kJ · m-2 of UV-B radiation were significantly larger than those under 2.5 kJ · m-2 of UV-B radiation, but no significant differences were observed between other treat-ments. These results indicated that enhanced UV-B radiation had significant effects on the leaf morphology and anatomical structure of local rice cuhivars in Yuanyang terraced fields.

关 键 词：UV-B辐射 元阳梯田 地方水稻品种 叶片形态 解剖结构 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]