汉江喜河库区形成对鱼类群落结构的影响  

Effects of Xihe reservoir construction on fish assemblages in Hanjiang River

作　　者：王晓臣[1] 杨兴中[1] 邢娟娟[2] 吕彬彬[2] 张军燕[2] 张建军[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,西安710069 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄河水产研究所,西安710086

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第4期932-937,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家水产种质资源整理整合项目(2009DKA30470011)资助

摘　　要：为了了解库区形成对鱼类群落结构组成的影响,于2011年秋季和2012年春季开展了汉江喜河库区鱼类资源调查。共捕获鱼类35种,隶属于4目6科,主要以鲤科(22种),鲿科(6种)为主。与该河段1980—1982年鱼类调查资料对比分析,喜河库区鱼类群落结构组成发生了较大程度改变,产漂流性卵及喜流水性鱼类种类下降,产粘性卵鱼类种类上升,其他生态类型的改变均受到产卵类型及喜流水性的关联影响,总体表现为喜河库区鱼类在繁殖、栖息习性及体型大小等方面呈现趋同化。推测大坝建设导致库区水文条件的改变是鱼类群落结构变化的主要原因,并提出相关保护措施。In order to understand the effects of reservoir construction on fish assemblages, a fish- ery resource investigation was conducted on the fish assemblages in the Xihe reservoir of Hanjiang River in autumn 2011 and spring 2012. A total of 35 fish species were collected, belonging to 6 families and 4 orders. Most of the fishes belonged to family Cyorinidae （22 species） and Bagri- dae （7 species）. As compared with those collected in 1980-1982, the fish assemblages collect- ed in 2011-2012 changed greatly. The species producing semi-pelagic eggs and preferring to live in riffle declined, while those producing viscid eggs increased. The changes of the other ecologi- cal guilds were related to the spawning types and the preferring to live in riffle. On the whole, the ecological guilds of the fishes in the Xihe reservoir showed convergence in spawning, inhabi- tation, and somatotype. The changes of hydrological conditions resulted from dam construction could be the main causes of the changes of the fish assemblages in the Xihe reservoir. Some ad- vices were given to protect the fish diversity and abundance in the Xihe reservoir of Hanjiang Riv- er.

关 键 词：生态类型 鱼类群落结构 汉江 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]