天津公园灰尘与土壤重金属污染特征  

Characteristics of heavy metal pollution in dust and soil of Tianjin City, North China

作　　者：吴绽蕾[1] 周俊[2] 胡蓓蓓[1] 王中良[1] 王祖伟[1] 孟伟庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学城市与环境科学学院,天津300387 [2]天津市控制地面沉降工作办公室,天津300061

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第4期1030-1037,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40973078);国家重点基础研究计划前期研究专项(2010CB434806);教育部新世纪人才计划项目(NCET-10-0954);天津市自然科学基金重点项目(11JCZDJC24500;10SYSYJC27400);中国分布式科研总站开放基金项目(2012002)资助

摘　　要：对天津市区41个代表性公园及滨海新区10个大型公园灰尘和土壤重金属理化性质及含量进行了测定,分析了灰尘和土壤中重金属的空间分布特征。结果表明:天津市公园灰尘和土壤粒径分布呈双峰或多峰分布特征;灰尘和土壤中有机质平均含量分别为49.10和27.15g·kg-1。公园灰尘重金属Cu、Pb、Cr、Cd和Ni含量均值分别为113.88、76.81、141.53、1.30和114.70mg·kg-1,土壤中则分别对应41.68、30.76、96.43、1.01和34.03mg·kg-1,均高于天津市土壤背景值。天津和平区、南开区东北部与河西区所受重金属污染较小。相关分析与主成分分析表明,有机质是灰尘与土壤中重金属Cd的重要载体,包括交通流量、工业活动等在内的人为因素是公园灰尘、土壤重金属Cr、Ni、Cu、Pb的主要来源。Dust and soil samples were taken from 41 parks in inner-city of Tianjin and 10 parks in Tianjin Binhai New Area to study the physicochemical properties and contents of heavy metals in the samples, with the special distribution patterns and possible sources of the heavy metals an- alyzed. In the parks, the particle sizes of dusts and soils presented bi- or multi-modal distribu- tion, the organic matter content in the dusts and soils was averagely 49.10 and 27.15 g · kg-1 , and the Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni contents in the dusts and soils were averagely 113.88, 76.81, 141.53, 1. 30, and 114. 70 mg · kg-1, and 41. 68, 30. 76, 96. 43, 1. 01, and 34.03 mg· kg-1 , respectively, being much higher than the background values in Tianjin. The Heping District, northeastern part of Nankai District, and Hexi District were less polluted by the heavy metals. Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis indicated that organic mat- ter was the main carrier of Cd, while traffic flux and industrial activities were the main pollution sources of Cr, Ni, Cu, and Pb.

关 键 词：空间分布 主成分分析 人为输入 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]