一种常温磷化工艺改进  

Establishment of Environmentally Acceptable Room-Temperature Phosphating Process and Evaluation of Corrosion Resistance of Phosphating Coating

作　　者：钟雪丽[1] 吉鹏涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院高职学院,河南新乡453600 [2]河南新飞电器有限公司,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《材料保护》2013年第3期27-31,2+1,共5页Materials Protection

摘　　要：为了寻求节能环保和高效的磷化工艺,制备了一种无镍、无亚硝酸盐常温磷化液。通过单因素试验研究了磷化液基础配方对磷化膜性能的影响,并采用正交试验进行优选;采用单因素试验优选了磷化工艺参数。结果表明:常温磷化液最佳配方及磷化工艺参数为20 g/L氧化锌,34 mL/L磷酸,22 g/L磷酸二氢锌,0.45g/L柠檬酸,0.19 g/L氟化钠,0.21 g/L钼酸钠,0.35 g/L间硝基苯磺酸钠,0.17 g/L氯酸钠,pH值为2.5～3.5,温度23～30℃,磷化时间13～17 min,采用喷淋磷化可缩短为3～5 min;以此配方和工艺制备的磷化膜外观均匀致密,无膜层疏松、锈蚀、绿斑或表面挂灰等缺陷,膜重1.2 g/m2,耐硫酸铜点滴时间为57 s,耐NaCl溶液浸泡腐蚀时间为26 d,耐蚀性较好。A kind of room-temperature phosphating solution without Ni and nitrites was prepared. The phosphating parameters were optimized based on single factor test and orthogonal test, and the effect of phosphating solution composition on the corrosion resistance of phosphating coating was investigated. It was found that the phosphating solution with optimal composition consisted of 20 g/L zinc oxide, 34 mL/L phosphoric acid, 22 g/L zinc dihydrogen phosphate, 0.45 g/L citric acid, 0.19 g/L sodium fluoride, 0.21 g/L sodium molybdate, 0.35 g/L meta-nitro benzene sulfonic acid sodium and 0.17 g/L sodium chlorate. Besides, the optimized phosphating parameters were suggested as pH value of 2.5~3.5, temperature of 23~30 ℃, and phosphating time of 13~17 min (it could be reduced to 3~5 min when spray phosphating was applied). The phosphating coating prepared under the optimized phosphating parameters had uniform and compact appearance and was free of defects such as rust and adhered dust, while it possessed good corrosion resistance (its mass was 1.2 g/m2; and it was able to endure dripping of copper sulfate solution for up to 57 s and endure immersion in NaCl solution for up to 26 d).

关 键 词：常温磷化液 环保 无镍 无亚硝酸盐 优选 外观 耐蚀性 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]