水涝胁迫下海州常山形态和生理指标的变化  

Morphological characteristics and physiological indexes of Clerodendrum trichotomum with waterlogging

作　　者：曾德静[1,2] 王铖[1] 刘军[3] 尹丽娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市园林科学研究所,上海200232 [2]四川省眉山市园林局,四川眉山620020 [3]四川农业大学林学院.四川雅安625014

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2013年第2期172-178,共7页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字2008第10-5号)

摘　　要：为研究海州常山Clerodendrum trichotomum的耐水涝胁迫能力,以海州常山1年生扦插盆栽苗（苗高为80~100cm,盆的直径为20 cm,高25 cm,盆土高度为22 cm）为试验材料,研究了不同水位高度对其叶片形态和生理指标的影响。结果表明：1/4和1/2盆土厚度水分处理对海州常山植株形态影响不大,各生理指标与对照的差异不显著（P〉0.05）,植株生长正常;2/3盆土厚度水分处理下,随着胁迫时间的延长,形态和各生理指标变化明显,叶片起皱、边缘卷曲、逐渐失水萎蔫、下垂,12 d后植株死亡;水位达到盆土表面和盆土表面以上5 cm时,短时间内形态和生理指标变化剧烈,叶片迅速失水萎蔫,8 d后植株死亡。海州常山耐水湿能力较强,1/2盆厚度水分是其极限水位,耐水淹能力一般且持续时间不长。随着胁迫程度的增加,可溶性糖质量分数、脯氨酸质量分数、相对电导率、丙二醛质量摩尔浓度不断增加,相对含水量、超氧化物歧化酶活性持续下降,叶绿素质量分数、可溶性蛋白质质量分数先降后增。海州常山植株具有很强的渗透调节能力,能通过脯氨酸和可溶性糖的大量积累来适应水涝环境。To determine resistance ablity of Clerodendrum trichotomum to waterlogging stress,taking small bowl in large bowl as method,the experiment set five watelogging levels（water height treatments of 1/4,1/2, and 2/3 of the soil thickness;level to the surface;and 5 cm above the surface）.Each processing had 10 plants and taking the day-to-day management plants as control group.One-year-old cuttings of Clerodendrum trichotomum were used with five watelogging levels to study their morphological characteristics and physiological indexes.Results showed that when the water level was 1/4 or 1/2 of the soil thickness,there were no significant changes in morphological characteristics and physiological indexes compared with the control,but at 2/3 of the soil thickness,after 6 d of waterlogging stress and with an increase of stress time,the leaves wrinkled, curled,wilted,and drooped compared with the control,and at 12 d of stress relative water content, proline content,SOD activities respectively were significantly decreased to 0.55 times,0.59 times,0.80 times that of the control;relative conductivities,MDA content,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content respectively were significantly increased to 2.71 times,1.76 times,21.93 times,2.03 times that of the control,and then the plants died.When the water level was at the surface of the soil or 5 cm above it,plants wilted because of rapid loss of water which could be proved by the significantly decreased of relative water content,and then died after 8 d of stress.With an increase in water level and stress time,compared with the control,the proline content,soluble sugar content,MDA content,and relative conductivity significantly increased; relative water content and SOD activity significantly decreased;and soluble protein content and chlorophyll content were decreasing first then increasing trend.We could conclude that plants exhibits strong osmotic adjustment capacity,mainly by significantly increasing the proline and soluble sugar content to adapt to the waterlogged enviro

关 键 词：植物学 海州常山 水涝胁迫 形态指标 生理指标 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]