不同品种授粉对‘轮台白杏’坐果及果实品质的影响  

Effect of different cultivars pollinating on fruit setting and fruit quality of Armeniaca vulgaris 'Luntaibaixing'

作　　者：安晓芹[1] 廖康[1] 孙慧瑛[1] 刘娟[1] 李永闲[1] 廖小龙[1] 王云[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2013年第2期187-193,共7页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(200931101;201130102);新疆维吾尔自治区果树重点学科基金资助项目

摘　　要：以‘轮台白杏’Armeniaca vulgaris‘Luntaibaixing’与26个新疆杏品种进行正反交,探讨不同品种授粉对‘轮台白杏’坐果及果实品质的影响。结果表明:不同品种授粉均提高了‘轮台白杏’坐果率,以‘卡巴克胡安娜’‘Kabake-huanna’,‘伊犁阿克玉吕克’‘Yiliakeyulvke’,‘特尔湾玉吕克’‘Teerwanyulvke’等品种效果为佳,但反交中经‘轮台白杏’授粉,仅有‘库车白杏’‘Kuchebaixing’等8个品种的坐果率有所增加,其余品种坐果率则低于自然授粉;与自然授粉所得果实比较,‘轮台白杏’的单果质量、果核质量以及可溶性固形物、维生素C、可滴定酸、总糖均受授粉品种影响,其中‘早熟胡安娜’‘Zaoshuhuanna’,‘阿克达拉孜’‘Akedalazi’,‘阿克阿依’‘Akeayi’等品种授粉后果实维生素C极显著降低(P<0.01),‘阿克阿依’,‘贾格达玛依桑’‘Jiagedamayisang’,‘米录’‘Milu’等品种授粉后可滴定酸极显著提高(P<0.01);果形指数受授粉品种影响较少,仅‘库车白杏’,‘卡拉胡安娜’‘Kalahuanna’授粉对‘轮台白杏’果形指数有极显著影响,‘大果胡安娜’‘Daguohuanna’等5个品种授粉为显著降低(P<0.05);综合坐果率考虑,‘卡巴克胡安娜’,‘早熟胡安娜’,‘伊犁阿克玉吕克’适于做‘轮台白杏’授粉树。不同品种授粉对‘轮台白杏’坐果及果实品质存在效果差异,生产中可根据需要选择父本提高坐果率和改善果实品质。Armeniaca vulgaris ’Luntaibaixing’ and other twenty six Xinjiang apricot cultivars were selected for positive and negative cross to study the effect of different pollen sources on fruit setting and fruit quality.The results showed that different cultivars pollinating had improved the fruit setting rate of ’Luntaibaixing’,especially by ’Kabakehuanna’,’Yiliakeyulvke’,’Teerwanyulvke’,but in negative cross experiments,only eight cultivars’ fruit set percentage had been increased after pollinated by ’Luntaibaixing’,such as ’Kuchebaixing’, and the others were lower than natural pollination;compared with spontaneously pollinated fruit,the single fruit weight,stone weight,fruit shape index,soluble solids content,Vc content,titratable acid content and total sugar content of ’Luntaibaixing’ were all affected by pollination cultivars,among them,Vc content of crossbreeding fruit were decreased significantly which pollinated by ’Zaoshuhuanna’,’Akedalazi’,’Akeayi’（P＆lt; 0.01）,titratable acid content significantly were enhanced which pollinated by ’Akeayi’,’Jiagedamayisang’, and ’Milu’,etc（P＆lt;0.01）;while pollination varieties had less influence on fruit shape index,there were only ’Kuchebaixing’ and ’Kalahuanna’ had significantly effect on it（P＆lt;0.01）,and fruit shape index of five varieties like as ’Daguohuanna’ were significantly decreased（P＆lt;0.05）;comprehensively considered with fruit setting rate,’Kabakehuanna’,’Zaoshuhuanna’,’Yiliakeyulvke’ were suitable for ’Luntaibaixing’ as pollination trees.There were obvious differences in fruit setting and fruit quality of ’Luntaibaixing’ which pollinated by different cultivars,so fruit setting rate and fruit quality could be improved according to requirement by selecting male parent in production.

关 键 词：园艺学 杏 授粉品种 坐果率 果实品质 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]