侵权人不明的高楼落物侵权的法律规制——兼评《侵权责任法》第87条  

On leagal regulation on falling object from tall building without specific tortfeasor:concurrently on article 87 of Tort Liability Law

作　　者：费宏达[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学津桥商学院,辽宁大连116622

出　　处：《沈阳工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第2期183-186,共4页Journal of Shenyang University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基金资助项目(W2010141)

摘　　要：《侵权责任法》第87条对侵权人不明的高楼落物侵权责任的承担进行了规定,具有保障受害人得到补偿、统一司法实践、降低致害概率的积极意义。但是,该规定也存在许多不足之处,主要表现为不利于社会和谐、容易引发道德风险、预防功能不充分、适用前提不明确等,没有很好地解决高楼落物侵权所面临的困境。采取社会救济、高楼落物赔偿基金、保险赔偿等多种途径相结合的救济方式,行政法、刑法与《侵权责任法》相配合的惩罚制度,不仅可以使受害人得到及时的、充分的补偿,而且可以有效预防此类侵权损害的发生。The tort liability of falling object from tall building without specific tortfeasor is specified in article 87 of the Tort Liability Law,which has active significance of ensuring the compensation for victims,unifying the judicial practices,and reducing the probability of injury.But the Article still has some shortcomings in that it goes against social harmony,easily triggers moral risk,is insufficient of prevention function,and is ambiguous of application precondition,etc.It has not best solved the dilemma of tort liability of falling object from tall building.It can not only provide timely and sufficient compensation for the victim,but also effectively prevent this kind of tort by adopting the remedy method combining multiple approaches of social remedy,compensation fund of falling object from tall building,and insurance compensation,and by adopting the punishment institution coordinating administrative law,criminal law and Tort Liability Law.

关 键 词：侵权责任法 高楼落物 侵权人 补偿功能 预防功能 救济方式 惩罚制度 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]