故宫符望阁内檐装修金属构件材质与制作工艺的科学分析  

Study of the material and manufacturing technology of the indoor decorative metal components of Fuwangge in the Forbidden City

作　　者：曲亮[1,2] 李秀辉[2] 王时伟[1] 高飞[1] 马越[1] 

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院,北京100009 [2]北京科技大学冶金与材料史研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2013年第1期30-39,共10页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：故宫博物院与世界建筑文物保护基金会(WMF)合作进行的"故宫乾隆花园整体保护修复工程"项目资助

摘　　要：为探究乾隆时期清宫内檐装修用掐丝珐琅与铜鎏金构件制造的传统工艺及其科学性,本研究采用金相显微观察、扫描电镜能谱分析等方法,对故宫符望阁建筑内檐装修用掐丝珐琅和铜鎏金构件的金属部分进行了分析。实验结果显示,掐丝珐琅构件的金属部分使用纯铜材料焊接而成,所用焊料为不同配比的Cu-Zn-Sn合金,而铜鎏金构件使用黄铜材料铸造而成,并在表面錾刻出纹饰,这两类构件金属部分表面都曾进行过传统鎏金处理。依据以上分析总结出的这两类构件的制造方法与流程,与文献或相关研究记录的清代传统技术相符,还可为进一步的保护工作提供一手的资料与重要的依据。Metal parts of indoor decorative Cloisonne enamel and gilt brass components of Fuwangge in the Forbid- den City were analyzed by metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X - ray spectrometry. The resuhs indicate that metal parts of Cloisonne enamel are pure copper material welded by solders which are made of different ratio of Cu - Zn - Sn alloy. Gilt brass components are cast in brass material and decora- tions are carved on the surface. Then metal parts of both of the components were treated on the surface using tradi- tional gilt method. Based on the above analysis, conclusion was drawn that the manufacturing method and process of those two kinds of components are in accordance with the Qing Dynasty traditional technology recorded in litera- ture and related research.

关 键 词：符望阁 掐丝珐琅 铜鎏金 制作工艺 

分 类 号：K876.4[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]