不同年龄孕妇妊娠期心理状态调查  

Investigation of the psychological condition of pregnant women of different ages

作　　者：支媛[1] 李正敏[1] 刘珏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院产科一病房,100034

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2013年第7期792-794,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的调查不同年龄段的妊娠期女性在焦虑症状、社会支持、心境状态等方面的差异，探讨孕期心理可能的影响因素以给予孕期心理支持。方法选择在产科门诊定期进行产前检查的初产妇90例，采用贝克焦虑量表（BAI）、社会支持评定量表及简式心境量表调查妊娠期女性在焦虑症状、社会支持、心境状态等方面的情况。结果不同年龄组的初产妇都存在焦虑以及心理状态上的问题，但这种焦虑与年龄无直接关系，差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；31～36岁组孕妇的社会支持评定量表总分与简式心境量表总分及其各负性情绪秩相关系数（r）为-0．230～-0．415，均呈负相关（P〈0．05），说明高年龄组孕妇的社会支持度越高，其负性情绪越低。而24～30岁组孕妇的社会支持评定量表得分与简式心境量表得分则无明显相关性（P〉0．05）。结论不同年龄组孕妇都存在焦虑状态、社会支持、心境状态方面的问题。高龄孕妇需要更多的心理支持，孕期心理健康教育应结合社会、家庭等多方面因素帮助高龄孕妇提高对支持的利用度并根据个体差异给予有针对性的指导。Objective To investigate the differences of pregnant women of different ages in anxiety, social support and mood status, so as to take this discussion of possible influencing factors during pregnancy, as well as psychological support during pregnancy. Methods Totals of 90 pregnant women in the obstetric clinic were investigated with Beck anxiety inventory （BAI）, social support ratting scale （SSRS） to evaluate their anxiety, social support and mood status. Results All the maternal had anxiety and mental problems, which not directly related to age （ P 〉 O. 05 ）. Social support of pregnant women more in higher age groups, lower the negative emotions （ P 〈 0.05 ）, while no significant relation was found in the 24 - 30 age nurses between SSRS score and Jane type mood scale score （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions There are anxiety, social support and mood status problems in pregnant women of different age groups. Old age pregnant women need more psychological support, so mental health education during pregnancy should be combined with community, family and many other factors to improve their utilize of support. And targeted guidance was given according to individual differences.

关 键 词：数据收集 年龄组 妊娠期 心理状态 心理支持 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]