深空X频段测速数据误差分析  

Analysis of Errors of Deep Space X-Band Range-Rate Measurement

作　　者：樊敏[1] 王宏[1] 李海涛[1] 赵华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《飞行器测控学报》2013年第2期168-172,共5页Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology

摘　　要：X频段是深空测控的主用频段,其多普勒测速精度远高于S频段,这一结论在"嫦娥二号"任务X频段深空测控技术试验中得到了验证,测速精度约为1mm/s。针对X频段高精度测速,本文分析了目前采用的径向速度近似计算公式,理论分析其产生的误差在地月转移和环月轨道段可达1cm/s。通过"嫦娥二号"任务X频段测控技术试验,以事后精密轨道为基准进行残差分析,结果表明,相比精确公式,近似公式计算测速数据的残差会增加1mm/s,已与X频段测速精度本身相当,因此,多普勒测速近似计算在X频段测量中已不再适用,应使用本文中列出的精确计算公式。X-band is the primary frequency band used by deep space TT^C （Tracking, Telemetry and Command） systems. X-band range-rate measurement is more accurate than those of S-band as validated in X-band deep space TT~〉C system experiments of Chang＇E 2 spacecraft. The precision of range rate measurement is about 1 mm/s. For X-band range rate, theoretical error caused by Doppler effect approximate calculation formula is analyzed. This error could become 1 cm/s during translunar and lunar-orbiting phases. Furthermore, measurement residual error is analyzed based on the precision ephemerides of post orbit determination for X-band deep space TT^C system experi- ment of Chang^E 2 spacecraft. The results show that the range-rate residual error induced by the approximation in- creases by 1 mm/s compared to what is calculated by equations. It is close to the actual measurement precision. Therefore, the Doppler effect approximate calculation formula is no longer applicable and the exact formula should be used in the lunar and deep space exploration projects in the future.

关 键 词：多普勒效应 测量数据残差 “嫦娥二号” 误差分析 X频段测速 

分 类 号：V556.3[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]