稳态营养施肥对撑绿杂交竹出笋和新竹生长的影响  

Effects of steady-state nutrition fertilization on shoot and new bamboo growth of Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopsis daii

作　　者：闫德民[1,2] 董文渊[2] 付建生[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]西南林业大学职业技术学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第2期103-107,共5页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：云南省中青年学术技术带头人后备人才培养项目(2007PY01-17);云南省自然科学基金项目(2001C0040M)

摘　　要：以我国西南地区退耕还林中广泛推广种植的撑绿杂交竹为例,利用伐桩施肥技术和稳态营养技术,研究了3种不同施肥处理对撑绿杂交竹出笋及1年生新竹生长的影响。结果表明:平均施肥、直线施肥和指数施肥分别比对照提前出笋7、9、12 d,出笋数目分别为对照的1.26、1.43、1.80倍,退笋率为对照(38.3%)>平均施肥(31.5%)>直线施肥(25.9%)>指数施肥(22.0%);3种施肥处理下新竹胸径和高度分别为对照的1.09、1.12、1.18倍和1.04、1.06、1.10倍;3种施肥处理的1年生新竹叶片的叶绿素含量比对照均增加,其对叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量影响从大到小均为指数施肥、直线施肥、平均施肥、对照。稳态营养指数施肥的养分相对供给速率与撑绿杂交竹相对生长速率一致,可有效促进撑绿杂交竹发笋,抑制退笋,显著促进新竹胸径和高度的提高,改善了1年生新竹叶片的营养状况。Bambusa pervariabilis×Dendrocalamopsis daii was widely planted for green project in southwest of China.Effects of steady-state nutrition and cavity fertilization on shoots,height,diameter at breast height（DBH）,etc.were studied under three different treatments.Results demonstrated that sprout date of new bamboo under average fertilization,straight line fertilization,exponential fertilization was 7,9,12 days earlier than the date of CK,and number of new shoots under three fertilization treatments were 1.26,1.43,1.80 times higher than that of CK.And order of degraded shoots rate of new bamboo under three treatments were average fertilization,straight line fertilization and exponential fertilization.DBH and height of new bamboo under three treatments were 1.09,1.12,1.18 and 1.04,1.06,1.10 times higher than that of CK.Chlorophyll content of new bamboo leaves under three fertilization treatments were all higher than that of CK.Chlorophyll-a,chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll content were exponential fertilization straight line fertilizationaverage fertilizationCK.Nutrient relative supply rate of exponential fertilization of steady-state nutrition was consistent with relative growth rate of B.pervariabilis × D.daii,which could promote shoots,inhibit degraded shoots rate,increase DBH and height of new bamboo effectively.And nutrition of new bamboo leaf was in better condition with steady-state nutrition.

关 键 词：撑绿杂交竹 稳态营养 伐桩施肥 指数施肥 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]