雾滴在水稻叶片上的沉积部位分析与显微试验  

Deposition Part Analysis and Microscopic Test of Spray Droplets on Rice Leaves

作　　者：宋坚利[1] 王波[1] 曾爱军[1] 刘亚佳[1] 张京[1] 代美灵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学理学院,北京100193

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2013年第4期54-58,76,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2008AA100904);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30800728;30971940)

摘　　要：针对农药雾滴难以在水稻叶片上沉积持留的问题,以叶片显微结构为基础研究了药液在水稻叶片的主要沉积部位。采用扫描电镜法观察研究了两种水稻品种在分蘖期、孕穗期叶片正、反面的显微结构,并对结构性状作了数据统计分析,测得球粒状乳突直径为1.5～4.2μm,而钩毛高度在70.4～154.5μm,其尺寸差异很大并且单位面积上乳突数量较多。以水稻叶片湿润性理论分析为基础,推导了雾滴临界脱落直径。依据水稻叶片不同表面微结构上农药雾滴的脱落直径,推断农药雾滴在水稻叶片上主要沉积部位为硅化木栓带的钩毛。通过滑石粉悬浮液喷雾试验及扫描电镜法,验证了农药雾滴主要沉积在水稻叶片的硅化木栓带并且在钩毛上最稳定。It is difficult for the chemical spray droplets to deposit on rice leaves. Thus, deposition area of chemical droplets on rice leaves was researched. Firstly, by using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） method, the microstructure of both sides of two varieties rice leaf was observed in different growing stage （tillering stage and booting stage）. And the mastoid diameter was 1.5- 4.2 μm, while the length of hook hair was 70.4 - 154.5 μm. There was large difference in microstructure and more mastoid was in per unit area. Then, based on the rice leaf wetness theory, the calculation methods for fall-off critical droplet diameter were deduced. According to fall-off diameter size pesticide droplets on rice leaves in different surface microstructure, it deduced that the main deposited parts was the glochuid of silification- cork belt. Finally, rice leaf sprayed with talcum powder suspending liquid and SEM method was used to verify the pesticides deposition part.

关 键 词：扫描电镜法 水稻叶片微结构 雾滴粒径 沉积部位 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护]