北方杂交粳稻干物质积累转移特点及其与产量的关系  

Dry Matter Accumulation,Partition and Their Relationships with Yield in Japonica Hybrid Rice in Northern China

作　　者：房闵[1] 唐亮[1] 徐海[1] 王嘉宇[1] 徐正进[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水稻研究所/农业部东北水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/北方超级粳稻育种教育部重点实验室,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2012年第6期759-766,共8页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：沈阳农业大学青年教师科研基金项目(20101010);辽宁省创新团队项目(LT2010095);国家自然科学基金项目(30971845)

摘　　要：为了分析北方杂交粳稻高生物量,而产量优势不突出的原因,以140份恢复系材料与不育系辽99A杂交组配而成的140个杂交粳稻组合为试材,研究北方杂交粳稻物质生产和分配及其与产量的关系。结果表明:杂交粳稻生物产量大,叶片和叶鞘在齐穗期后干物质输出率低,而引起结实率和千粒重低,是制约杂交粳稻产量优势不突出的主要因素。产量与齐穗期后干物质的积累量呈极显著正相关;齐穗期后叶片干物质转换率、叶鞘干物质转换率和输出率与产量和经济系数均呈极显著正相关。总体在巩固杂交粳稻生物量大这个优势的基础上保证大穗,提高齐穗期后干物质生产的同时提高叶片和叶鞘干物质的转换率有利于高产杂交粳稻的形成。To analyze the reason why japonica hybrid rice has the superiority of biomass but weak yield, 140 restorer lines and BT type cytoplasmic male sterility （BT-CMS） line Liao99A were used for investigating dry matter accumulation, partition and their relationships with yield in japonica hybrid rice. The results showed that the yield of japonica hybrid rice rose with the increase of dry matter production and accumulation. The lower export percentage of matter in leaf after full heading stage, the lower seed setting rate and lower 1000-grain weigh were, the main limiting factor on the yield heterosis of hybrid japonica rice. The positive correlation between yield and dry matter accumulation at both full heading and maturity stage were significant （p〈0.01）. There were significant positive correlations （p〈0.05 or p〈0.01） between harvest index and some traits, panicle number, grain number per panicle, seed setting rate, dry matter accumulation of stem and sheath at full heading stage. Some measures including improvement of seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight, enhancing the dry matter accumulation in especial the dry matter accumulation from full heading to mature stage, transformation percentage of the matter in leaf after full heading stage and increase of export percentage of matter in sheath had helped to significantly improve yield of japonica hybrid rice in Northern China

关 键 词：杂交粳稻 产量 干物质积累转移 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S503.51