论“诉讼欺诈”行为的定性——与“诉讼欺诈”定性诈骗罪论者商榷  

Research on the Criminal Regulation of Fraud in Lawsuit——Further Deliberation with Researchers Holding Such Opinion as Litigation Fraud Suits for Settlement of the Crime of Fraud

作　　者：高铭暄[1] 陈冉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学刑事法律科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《法学杂志》2013年第4期1-18,共18页Law Science Magazine

摘　　要：诉讼欺诈是指行为人以非法占有为目的,在民事诉讼中通过伪造证据或者指使证人作伪证等方式,骗取法院裁判非法占有他人财物或财产性利益的行为。这一行为在刑法学界常被一些人称为"诉讼诈骗",定性为诈骗罪。但"诉讼诈骗"一词并不符合立法对诉讼欺诈行为规制的需要,有违立法用语体系的协调,而且这一称谓欠缺科学性,应当予以摒弃。此外,诉讼欺诈行为与诈骗行为存在本质的差异,不应当将其定性为诈骗罪。鉴于我国《刑法》并没有针对诉讼欺诈行为的明确罪名,建议实践中参照最高人民检察院法律政策研究室下发的《关于通过伪造证据骗取法院民事裁判占有他人财物的行为如何适用法律问题的答复》进行处理,但从长远来看,在立法上增设"诉讼欺诈罪"是较为合适的做法。Litigation fraud is a kind of swindle that the litigant, by means of suing, try to make the court get to a wrong sentence with false evidence, and then he can defraud the other litigants some property or avoid paying debt. There are different views on defining the crime of fraud in lawsuit both in the theory of criminal law and judicial practice. Although there is some opinionthat litigation fraud accords with the object of the crime of fraud, it is not proper to take the act of fraud in lawsuit as the common fraud crime because its violated objects are double. Therefore, itis wrong to ensure the lawsuit false pretence as the fraud crime, though it has some characters of fraud crime. The attribute of fraudulent act should be considered on the aspect of encroach the order of court conduct trials of cases,it＇s the proper way. For lack of corresponding clauses in the existing penal codes, it is necessary to add the crime of litigation fraud in the criminal law. Establishing a crime alone for fraud by lawsuit conforms to the legislative patterns at home and abroad.

关 键 词：诉讼欺诈 诈骗罪 立法建议 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]