胭脂鱼受精过程的细胞学观察  

Cytological study on fertilization process of Myxocyprinus asiaticus

作　　者：李萍[1] 刘晓蕾[1] 李勇[1] 江星[1] 金丽[1] 张耀光[1] 

机构地区：[1]淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室,西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2013年第2期250-259,共10页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金重点项目(CSTS,2009BA1053)

摘　　要：采用人工授精,组织学、超微结构技术等方法对胭脂鱼(Myxocyprinus asiaticus)受精卵进行细胞学观察。结果表明:胭脂鱼卵子动物极卵壳仅有一受精孔,属单精受精。精孔器为深凹陷,短孔道型。在17～18℃水温条件下,受精后3 s精子开始穿过精孔管,受精后5 s进入卵子;受精后10 s形成精子星光;受精后15 min,卵子处于第二次减数分裂后期;受精后20 min,第二极体形成;受精后90 min,雌雄原核融合;受精后140 min,受精卵进入第一次有丝分裂中期;受精后180 min,第一次有丝分裂结束,二细胞形成。研究发现:成熟卵子精孔器内无精孔细胞及其他物质,和其他大多数硬骨鱼相似,精孔管内径2.42μm,而精子头部直径与其接近;同时精孔器前庭内壁有许多嵴突,孔洞顺螺旋排列,这些结构特点提示其是造成胭脂鱼单精受精的原因之一。本研究旨在为胭脂鱼人工繁殖技术的研究及其保护管理提供基础资料。The insemination process of Myxocyprinus asiaticus egg was studied using artificial fertilization, his- tology, ultrastructural technology methods etc. The observation showed that there is only one micropyle in shell of egg＇s animal pole of M. asiaticus. Micropylar apparatus of M. asiaticus belongs to the type of deep concave and short channel. At water temperature of 17-18 ~C, sperm passed through micropylar apparatus at 3 s after insemina- tion and entered ovum at 5 s. Sperm star light was formed at 10 s after insemination. After 15 min after insemina- tion ovum was in late time of second meiotic division and second polar body appeared. Ovum was in telophase after 20 min and second meiotic division was formed. Male and female pronucleus was fused after 90 min. Ovum was in metaphase of first karyokinesis at 140 min after insemination. At 180 min after insemination first karyoki- nesis was over and second cell was formed. The results showed that in micropylar apparatus of mature egg there is no micropylar cell and other stuff, which is similar to that of most other teleost. The inner diameter of micorpylar apparatus is 2.42 tm and near to the diameter of sperm head. There are many spines in inner walls of anterior mi- cropylar apparatus and holes are arranged in spiral way, which was one of the reasons for monospermy. This study aims to provide basic data for the research of artificial reproduction technology of M. asiaticus.

关 键 词：胭脂鱼 精孔器 受精过程 细胞学 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]