干旱条件下我国不同年代玉米品种保绿性比较  

Comparison of Leaf Stay-Green Trait Chinese Different Era Maize Cultivars in Drought Environment

作　　者：孙琦[1,2] 张世煌[1] 慈晓科[1] 张德贵[1] 李新海[1] 郝转芳[1] 翁建峰[1] 白丽[1] 李明顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [2]山东省农业科学院玉米研究所,济南250100

出　　处：《玉米科学》2013年第2期71-77,共7页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-02-01);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(20102)

摘　　要：选用35个玉米品种(农家种4个,双交种4个,单交种27个),在海南三亚设置正常浇水和花期干旱两个处理,鉴定每个品种在干旱环境下的保绿性,比较不同年代品种的持绿性。结果发现,干旱导致玉米叶片叶绿素含量下降,衰老启动时间提前,干旱条件下品种的衰老启动时间、最大衰老速度出现时间均随年代更替而延后,最大衰老速度均随着年代更替而下降,即玉米的保绿性均随着年代更替而提高,与正常浇水条件下的趋势相似。玉米保绿性与叶绿素含量均与产量呈显著相关;在干旱处理条件下,品种保绿性均随年代更替而提高,我国的玉米育种中已经对持绿性进行了改良,耐旱性也得到提高。Thirty-five era cultivars were selected including four OPVs, four double hybrids and twenty-seven single hybrids. They were given two treatments comprised full irrigation and water stress in flowering stage in Sanya of Hainan province. Stay-green parameters of every cultivar were calculated. Then stay-green of each decade was compared. The results indicated that drought induced chlorophyll content decreasing and time of senescence start-up（Ts） occurring earlier. Under water-stress, the Ts, Time of maximal senescence velocity（Tmax） postponed s and velocity of maximal senescence（Vmax） declined with decades. That is to say, stay-green traits increased with decades under drought stress environments, just like full irrigation. Significant correlation existed between stay-green parameters and grain yield. Therefore, stay-green traits of maize cultivars were improved in breeding and their drought tolerances were also increased.

关 键 词：玉米 保绿性 干旱胁迫 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]