不同性别腹主动脉瘤患者临床特征分析  

Analysis of the gender on the clinical features of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm

作　　者：张冬花[1] 孙涛[1] 陈顺华[1] 程宇彤[1] 张京梅[1] 李志忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心内科十五病房,100029

出　　处：《中国医药》2013年第4期525-527,共3页China Medicine

摘　　要：目的对不同性别腹主动脉瘤患者的临床特征进行回顾性分析，了解其危险因素及治疗预后分布特点，为预防和治疗措施的选择提供参考。方法收集2002年1月至2010年9月期间入住北京安贞医院的腹主动脉瘤患者362例，按性别分为男性组（296例）及女性组（66例）。对2组患者的临床特征及住院转归进行回顾性分析。结果2组患者临床症状比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。2组患者平均年龄差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），在75岁以上患者，女性组比例高于男性组[22．7％（15／66）比10．8％（32／296）]（P=0．009）。男性组吸烟及饮酒比例高于女性组[61．5％（182／296）比22．7％（15／66），P=0．000；18．6％（55／296）比4．5％（3／66），P=0．005]。2组患者治疗策略比较，女性组接受腔内修复术治疗比例低于男性组。女性组发生心功能不全比例高于男性组[6．1％（4／66）比1．7％（5／296），P=0．039]。2组患者病死率差异无统计学意义，除男性组1例死于多脏器功能衰竭，余均考虑动脉瘤破裂死亡。结论男性腹主动脉瘤的吸烟及饮酒比例远高于女性，因此，对男性患者进行健康教育，提倡戒烟限酒，对减少男性腹主动脉瘤发病率及改善预后有重要意义；女性患者老年比例较高，发生心功能不全比例较高，对有高危因素的女性患者应提高警惕，早期识别，早期处理，以免延误诊治。Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical features of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm, so that we can know the risk factors, therapy and prognosis, which may provide a reference for preventive measure and management. Methods Three hundred and sixty-two cases with abdominal aortic aneurysm were retrospectively analyzed between January 2002 and September 2010 in Beijing anzhen hospital. The patients were divided into the male group （n = 296） and the female froup （n = 66）. The clinical features and outcomes of two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Results There was no significantly difference in clinical symptoms. The average ages were similar in both groups. The proportion of patients 〉 75 years were significantly higher in female group （ P = 0. 009）. Smoking and drinking were more common in male group [61.5% （182/296） vs 22.7% （ 15/66）, P = 0. 000; 18.6% （55/296） vs 4.5% （3/66）, P =0.005]. The female were managed by medication more often than the male. Cardiac insufficiency was more common in the females [ 6.1% （4/66） vs 1.7% （5/296）, P = 0.039 ]. Hospital mortality was not statistically significant between both groups. In addition to one male patient died from muhiple organ failure, the death cause was majorly beacuse of the rupture of aortic aneurysm. Conclusions Smoking and drinking are more common in male abdominal aortic aneurysm. So developing health education and vocating smoke and drink abatement in males has important significance in decreasing morbidity and improving prognosis. The age is an important factor for the females. More attention should be paid to aged female population with high risk factors to avoid delay of diagnosis and treatment.

关 键 词：腹主动脉瘤 性别 临床特征 

分 类 号：R543.16[医药卫生—心血管疾病]