谷氨酸脱羧酶在神经系统及雄性生殖系统中的功能  

Functions of glutamic acid decarboxylase in the nervous system and male reproductive system

作　　者：杜昭 李世峰[1,2,3] 李逸平[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]上海市分子男科学重点实验室 [2]中国科学院分子细胞生物学重点实验室 [3]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所,上海200031

出　　处：《生命的化学》2013年第2期96-100,共5页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"项目)(2011CBP966301);国家自然科学基金项目(31101029/C120101)

摘　　要：谷氨酸脱羧酶(glutamic acid decarboxylase,GAD)是哺乳动物体内负责γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyricacid,GABA)合成的关键酶。在神经系统中,GABA作为一种抑制性神经递质,介导了GABA能神经元中动作电位的传导。GABA由谷氨酸在GAD作用下转变而来,然后与GABA受体结合,完成信号传导。研究发现,在哺乳动物生殖系统中也存在包含有各组分的GABA能系统。正是通过对GAD的表达调控,GAD所合成的GABA能够作为递质完成动作电位的传导,也可能以旁分泌或自分泌的途径来调节睾丸及生殖系统其他器官的发育过程。Glutamic acid decarboxylase （GAD） is a key enzyme for the biosynthesis of gamma aminobutyric acid （GABA） in mammals. In the nervous system, GABA acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter and mediates the conduction of action potentials in GABAergic neurons. GABA is converted from glutamate through the functions of GAD, and then binds with GABA receptor to accomplish signal conduction. Recent studies have indicated that there is also a GABA system involving all components in mammalian reproductive system. Through regulating the expression of GAD, GABA synthesized by GAD can complete the action potential conduction as a neurotransmitter and regulate the development of testis or other organs of male reproductive system in the ways of autocrine or paracrine.

关 键 词：谷氨酸脱羧酶 Γ-氨基丁酸 GABA能系统 精子发生与成熟 顶体反应 

分 类 号：Q593[生物学—生物化学]