N,N'-双(十六烷基二甲基)-1,2-二溴化乙二铵盐的合成及黏度行为  

Synthesis and Viscosity Behavior of N,N′-Bis(hexadecyl dimethyl)-1,2-dibromide-ethanediyl Ammonium Salt

作　　者：洪玉[1] 沈一丁[1] 杨晓武[1] 刘观军[1] 张林[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《精细化工》2013年第4期433-438,共6页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：陕西省重大科技创新项目(2011ZKC04-3);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2012JQ2004;2012JQ2005)~~

摘　　要：采用溴代十六烷与N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺为原料合成了双子表面活性剂———N,N'-双(十六烷基二甲基)-1,2-二溴化乙二铵盐(C16-2-C16.2Br-),通过单因素法考察了原料配比、反应温度和反应时间对目标产物收率的影响,确立最佳合成工艺为:溴代十六烷与N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺摩尔比值为2.1,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为22 h,收率达87.6%。通过红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对产物结构进行了表征。降低油/水界面张力的测试结果表明,C16-2-C16.2Br-具有很高的界面活性,在质量浓度为0.3 g/L时,仅需23 min即可将界面张力降低至2.6×10-3mN/m。对不同条件下产物水溶液黏度进行了测试,考察了溶液质量浓度、温度和剪切速率对C16-2-C16.2Br-水溶液黏度的影响。发现C16-2-C16.2Br-具有良好的溶液增黏性,随温度和剪切速率的升高,产物水溶液黏度呈现急剧下降后平稳的趋势,表现出优异的耐温耐剪切性能;通过Ostwald-de Wale幂律方程,得出流动指数n<0.6,表明产物属于典型的假塑性流体。An ammonium gemini surfactant（ C16-2-C16 ~ 2Br-） was synthesized from bromohexadecane and N, N,N＇, N＇-tetramethyl-ethylenediamine. The synthetic technology was optimized by single factor analysis method. The optimal synthesis conditions were attained when the molar ratio of bromohexadecane to N, N, N＇, N＇-tetramethyl-ethylenediamine was 2. 1, and reaction temperature and time were 80 ~C and 22 h, respectively. The chemical structure was characterized by means of infrared spectroscopy and I HNMR. Research was carried out on reducing oil and water interfacial tension, and the results indicate that C16-2-C16 ~ 2Br- had good interfacial activity; it could reduce the interfacial tension to 2. 6 x 10 -3 mN/m within 23 min at 0.3 g/L. The influencing factors, such as surfactant mass concentration,temperature and shear rate, on the viscosity behavior of C16-2-C16 ~ 2Br- solution were investigated. The viscosity of the gemini surfactant solution increased with the rise of mass concentration, and first declined sharply and then leveled off with the increase of temperature and shear rate. The flow index was lower than 0. 6, calculated by Ostwald-de Wale power-law equation, which indicates that the solution is pseudoplastic fluid.

关 键 词：双子表面活性剂 N N'-双(十六烷基二甲基)-1 2-二溴化乙二铵盐 Ostwald-deWale幂律方程 

分 类 号：TQ423.12[化学工程]