深圳市母乳中六六六和滴滴涕蓄积水平与影响因素分析  

Accumulative levels of organochlorine pesticides of HCHs, DDTs in breast milk and risk factors analysis in Shenzhen

作　　者：史蓉婕[1] 仲岳桐[2] 雷毅雄[1] 张建清[2] 李胜浓[2] 蒋友胜[2] 周健[2] 陆少游[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院公共卫生学院,广州510182 [2]深圳市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《卫生研究》2013年第2期205-210,共6页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家863资助项目(No.2011AA060605)

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市普通居民产妇母乳中六六六(HCHs)和滴滴涕(DDTs)的蓄积水平,并分析其影响因素,评估婴儿暴露风险。方法采集85位在深圳地区居住时间3年或以上、初产妇产后4～6周的母乳。样品经提取后,用凝胶渗透色谱和弗罗里硅土固相微萃取柱净化,采用气相色谱-电子俘获检测器(GC-ECD)检测母乳中六六六、滴滴涕(包括α-六六六、β-六六六、γ-六六六、δ-六六六、p,p’-滴滴涕、p,p’-滴滴滴、p,p’-滴滴异、o,p’-滴滴涕等8种同分异构体)的残留。通过问卷调查,分析母乳中六六六、滴滴涕的含量水平与产妇膳食情况、年龄、当地居住时间等因素进行相关性关系。结果所有母乳样品均检出p,p’-DDE,58份样品中检出β-HCH。母乳中∑HCHs的中位数为2.980ng/g(全重计),80.200ng/g(脂肪计)。∑DDTs的中位数为9.610ng/g(全重计),268.390ng/g(脂肪计)。统计分析发现,母乳中六六六、滴滴涕含量与产妇年龄、淡水鱼的消费量、禽肉的消费量呈正相关关系。结论深圳市居民母乳中检出了六六六、滴滴涕,其含量水平与年龄及膳食情况存在相关关系。婴儿六六六、滴滴涕的平均摄入估计值分别为0.468和1.842μg/(kg.d BW),均低于我国卫生部及FAO/WHO农药残留联席会议推荐的每日容许摄入量(ADI)。深圳市当地居民母乳中六六六和滴滴涕负荷水平低于全国平均水平。Objective To first investigate the accumulative levels of DDTs and HCHs in human breast milk of primipara in Shenzhen area, analyze influencing factors and assess exposure risk of infant in Shenzhen. Methods From April in 2011 to April in 2012,85 primiparas who have lived in Shenzhen over 3 years after parturition 4 - 6 weeks were recruited, and their breast milk were collected and questionnaires were filled out simultaneously. The samples were extracted five times with hexane, cleaned up by gel permeation chromatograph （GPC） and SPE, and quantified by gas chromatography- election capture detection （GC-ECD）. Correlations between DDTs, HCHs and maternal age, weight, dietary, living time as well as infant birth weight and length were alsoanalyzed with the SPSS 13.0 statistical software respectively. Results Among the several groups of DDTs and HCHs metabolites, p,p＇-DDE were detected in total 85 samples and β-HCH were detected in 58 samples, which accounted for 68.2% of the breast milk. The median levels of ∑ HCHs and ∑ DDTs were 2. 980ng/g whole weight （80. 200ng/g fat） and 9. 610ng/g whole weight （268. 390ng/g fat）. Both levels of ∑ HCHs and 5∑ DDTs in the human milk had a positive association with maternal age among the demographic characteristics of primiparas. Furthermore, levels of ∑ HCHs were positively correlated with freshwater fish consumption. However, ∑ DDTs levels which were calculated in fat had a positive association only with the amount of poultry meat intake. Conclusion β- HCH and p,p＇-DDE were detected in human breast milk, and correlated with age and dietary intake. The average estimated daily intakes of HCHs and DDTs by infants are 0. 468,1. 842μg/（ kg · BW. d） respectively, lower than acceptable daily intakes （ADI） proposed by the Ministry of Health of China and （the WHO/FAO）Joint Meeting of Pesticide Residues （JMPR）. The average levels of HCHs, DDTs in the breast milk in Shenzhen general population are lower than those of Chinese average leve

关 键 词：母乳 有机氯农药 六六六 滴滴涕 机体负荷 风险评估 

分 类 号：R174.4[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]