深孔爆破一次成井技术与应用实例分析  

ONE TIME DEEP HOLE RAISE BLASTING TECHNOLOGY AND CASE STUDY

作　　者：李启月[1] 李夕兵[1] 范作鹏[1] 张瑞华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2013年第4期664-670,共7页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2010CB732004);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50934006;41272304)

摘　　要：深孔爆破一次成井是解决天井掘进困难、加快天井施工和降低掘进成本的有效方法。介绍多孔球状药包爆破一次成井和直孔掏槽爆破一次成井2种模式,说明选择一次成井模式应考虑的因素,分析深孔爆破一次成井的技术难题,并提出相应的解决措施。研究认为,岩性、孔偏大小、成井断面大小和成井高度是影响模式选择的主要因素。通过圆形布孔、不等高分层、设置中间分层、分层同响、多分层上下依序起爆和分层间合理延时爆破等技术措施解决多孔球状药包一次爆破成井的夹制性难题;通过4空孔桶形掏槽,计算确定空孔参数和分段高度,试验确定槽孔装药结构和分段间炮孔堵塞长度等技术措施解决直孔掏槽方式与相关参数确定难题。最后,以某露天矿为工程背景,介绍了23m和32 m天井一次爆破成井的工程实例。One time deep hole raise blasting technology is an effective way to solve raising difficulties,to speed up raise construction and reduce drivage cost.Two modes,including one time raise driving by using porous spherical charge blasting and cylinder cut blasting were introduced.In the process to select raising mode,the influencing factors which should be considered were illustrated.The technical problems about one time long hole raise blasting technology were analyzed in detail;and the corresponding technical solutions were put forward.Studies suggest that the main factors which influence the selection of mode are lithology,hole deflection,raising section and raising height.The confinement problem in one time raise driving by using porous spherical charge blasting were solved through circular arrangement of holes,unequal height stratification,setting interlayer,single layer holes？ simultaneous blasting,multilayer blasting in up or down order,rational delay interval between layers and other technical measures.Four empty holes doliform cut,calculation determination of void parameters and segmented length,test determination of cut hole charging structure and blasting hole stemming length were used to solve the related parameter problems in burn cut technique.Finally,an open pit mine as the engineering background,two project examples（23 m and 32 m raises） of one time raise driving were introduced.

关 键 词：采矿工程 天井掘进 深孔爆破 一次成井 成井实例 

分 类 号：TD235.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]