南海北部陆缘地壳结构特征及其构造过程  

Crustal Structure of the Northern Margin of the South China Sea and Its Tectonic Processes Since the Cretaceous

作　　者：阎全人[1] 王宗起[2] 李赠悦 李继亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈构造演化开放实验室,北京100029 [2]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037 [3]中国地质科学院562综合研究所,河北三河燕郊065201

出　　处：《地质论评》2000年第4期417-423,共7页Geological Review

基　　金：广西壮族自治区"八五"重点项目 (编号 桂科92171K032)

摘　　要：根据“北部湾大陆陆缘地壳结构PS转换波测深”等地球物理测量结果,本文研究了南海北部陆缘的地壳结构特征,讨论了其白垩纪以来的构造过程。地球物理测量表明,由陆向海,南海北部陆缘地壳由陆壳、过渡壳变为洋壳,厚度由34 km减薄至8 km左右。垂向上地壳为3层结构模式。陆壳、过渡壳和洋壳的下地壳P波速度普遍较高。地壳伸展系数的计算表明南海北部陆缘伸展主要发育于陆坡地区。结合区域地质研究,本文认为:南海北部陆缘及南海盆地叠置于华南—印支(南海)联合板块(或基底)上,经白垩纪至早第三纪的两期地壳扩张伸展作用而成。洋盆内的陆壳残片来源于华南—印支(南海)联合板块的裂解、离移。结构上,南海东、南两侧则具西太平洋型主动陆缘的特征,而南海北部陆缘具类似于大西洋型被动陆缘的特征,是一个由白垩纪至早第三纪强烈扩张活动产生的被动陆缘。Based on geophysical data, the northern margin of the South China Sea since the Cretaceous includes three types of crust; continental, transitional and oceanic. The crustal thickness changes from about 34 km to 8 km from land to sea. Seismically, the crust can be subdivided into three layers and the lower crust shows stronger reflectivity, which indicates the lower crust is on accretion. Its reflective interfaces can be a detachment surfaces. The formation of the northern margin and the basin of the South China Sea experienced two periods of spreading in the early Cretaceous (126-120 Ma) and the early Tertiary (32-17 Ma). Its dynamics is the plume tectonics caused by the subduction of the Australian-Indian oceanic plate down to the South China Sea about 670 km. The northern margin of the South China Sea has similar features to the Atlantic margin. The oceanic crust of the South China Sea originated from the extension of the passive margin. The continental remnants in the South China Sea came from the breaking and shifting of the South China - Indochina convergent plate.

关 键 词：南海北部陆缘 地壳结构 构造过程 大陆边缘 

分 类 号：P542.2[天文地球—构造地质学]