我国西北大气沙尘气溶胶的辐射效应  

Radiative Effects of Atmospheric dust Aerosol in Northwest China

作　　者：沈志宝[1] 魏丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000

出　　处：《大气科学》2000年第4期541-548,共8页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目!4 96752 63

摘　　要：利用HEIFE地面辐射平衡观测资料和同期NOAA - 1 1 /AVHRR卫星遥感资料定量估算春季我国西北大气沙尘的辐射效应。大气沙尘减小地面净辐射冷却地面 ,对地 -气系统和大气的辐射效应均与地表反照率有关 ,严重浑浊的沙尘大气在沙漠为短波加热和长波冷却 ,在绿洲则相反 ,但净效应都是加热。文中给出了 4月大气浑浊度系数约由 0 .1增大到0 .6,在沙漠和绿洲上空沙尘层 ( 850～ 60 0hPa)内大气的附加短波、长波和净加热 /冷却率。The effects of atmospheric dust on the radiative energy budget in the earth-atmosphere system are quantitatively estimated by use of the surface radiation data observed during the HEIFE experiment and NOAA-11/AVHRR data in the same period. The atmospheric dust decreases the surface net radiation and therefore cools the ground surface, its radiative effects on the earth-atmosphere system and the air depend on the surface albedo, shortwave warming and longwave cooling in a very turbid atmosphere over the desert area but contrary for those over the oasis area, and the net radiative effect will warm air for both desert and oasis area. The additional shortwave, longwave and net radiative heating rate in the dust layer (near the surface from 850 to 600 hPa) in the desert and oasis are estmated respectively with the atmospheric turbidity coefficients of 0.1 to 0.6.

关 键 词：中国西北 大气沙尘 地-气系统 辐射效应 气溶胶 

分 类 号：P422[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]