农业现代化的内涵、主体及推进策略分析  

Analysis on Connotation and Subject of Agricultural Moderinization and Its Promoting Strategy

作　　者：孔祥智[1] 毛飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872

出　　处：《农业经济与管理》2013年第2期9-15,共7页Agricultural Economics and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(10CJY043);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71273267);中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(201104185)

摘　　要：党在新时期的农业现代化战略除了强调农业自身的集约化、专业化、组织化、社会化以外,还更加重视工业化、信息化、城镇化对农业现代化的影响和拉动。我国农业现代化的基础性条件是在家庭承包经营制度下的2亿多小农户。资源禀赋、经营规模的大小并非农业现代化的先决条件。在新时期,即工业化中期阶段以后,工业化和城镇化已成为我国农业现代化的先决条件。我国农业生产以小规模经营的兼业农户为主体的现状还将保持相当长的一段时间,而专业农户、家庭农场、农民专业合作社、农业企业等将最终成为我国农业现代化的主体。未来我国社会化服务体系建设的重点,应放在如何为专业农户和家庭农场服务上。In the new era, in addition to promoting agriculture intensification, specialization, organization, and socialization, the pull of industrialization, informatization and urbanization to agricultural modernization would be paid more attention to. The basic condition for agricultural modernization in China is the 200 million plus small farmers under the household contract management system. The resource endowments and operation scales are not the prerequisite. Contrarily, after industrialization intermediate stage, industrialization and urbanization would become the prerequisite for agricultural modernization. A large amount of surplus labors transferring to towns and non-agricultural industries provides an indispensable prerequisite for building up the new type agricultural operation and management bodies. On the other hand, the citizenization of agricultural surplus labors will effectively promote the agricultural specialization and marketization on the basis of certain scale. In the future, a large number of small part-time farmers will still remain for a long period of time, but the professional farmers, family farms, farmers＂ cooperatives and agricultural enterprises will eventually become the main body in building modem agriculture. And the emphasis of social service system construction should focus on the professional farmers and family farms.

关 键 词：农业现代化 工业化中期阶段 家庭农场 

分 类 号：F320.1[经济管理—产业经济]